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            <title><![CDATA[數位邏輯 - ch6 - ch7]]></title>
            <link>/article/35bb494e-9202-4a55-a33b-48c33f4575e6</link>
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            <pubDate>Fri, 02 Jul 2021 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <content:encoded><![CDATA[<div id="notion-article" class="mx-auto overflow-hidden "><main class="notion light-mode notion-page notion-full-width notion-block-35bb494e92024a55a33b48c33f4575e6"><div class="notion-viewport"></div><div class="notion-collection-page-properties"></div><div class="notion-table-of-contents notion-gray notion-block-740a70c8694048bba92f9f3ce3d95109"><a href="#e832b8be98814463be93c9835ece4d76" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:0">Ch6 Digital Arithmetic: Operations &amp; Circuits</span></a><a href="#a3c62aca278044299fadda892965de9d" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:24px">Binary Addition</span></a><a href="#ba6d3511489549e59b086aafa376552c" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:48px">Sign Extension</span></a><a href="#242d711b1e164ae0af3eb8f9f1620a22" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:48px">overflow</span></a><a href="#06ef1f529ddf45e2b962503844303f71" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:24px">Binary Multiplication</span></a><a href="#75e0f744fdb94a7480a084924c22dec7" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:24px">Arithmetic Circuits</span></a><a href="#9e65eae411fe423d8e2abc32e3f64fc0" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:24px">Full Adder/ Half Adder</span></a><a href="#2ccceeaae2464c3086b098038049e8b7" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:24px">把register加上去的ALU</span></a><a href="#ae5a8862c18344ec9a969d83b7ac6aa7" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:48px">Register Notation</span></a><a href="#4e76699051b146b18504656ab76028e7" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:24px">Parallel Adder</span></a><a href="#b2327e18a8a54ab89a7ca814bc385cab" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:0">Ch7 Counters and Registers Part 1</span></a><a href="#3ab05417de404daf894ac5a942f3679a" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:24px">Ripple Counter</span></a><a href="#8caa8a8445c047598376f2bf4f583a6a" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:24px">製作一個 &lt;的計數器</span></a><a href="#bda48ec8e965471090527b11dfcb80b7" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:24px">製作up/down counter</span></a><a href="#c9436653702141d7920efcc3a16a4125" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:24px">Presettable counters</span></a><a href="#f4e0c5be159c4f2792ad1534460f8c71" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:24px">一些實際的Counter IC</span></a><a href="#5b198200ab5e419a9693df1a2ee58d78" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:24px">Decoding a Counter</span></a><a href="#1bcfaa17a36a4e939df3521f53519495" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:0">Ch7 Counters and Registers Part 2</span></a><a href="#c81f6031e3e2453db5174fd810823384" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:24px">Shift-Register Counters</span></a><a href="#b56a810f669a4177956e8ad360bbe47b" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:48px">Ring Counter</span></a><a href="#6abc398b6b4e49f190aa11d7e62991ed" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:48px">Johnson Counter</span></a></div><h2 class="notion-h notion-h1 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-e832b8be98814463be93c9835ece4d76" data-id="e832b8be98814463be93c9835ece4d76"><span><div id="e832b8be98814463be93c9835ece4d76" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#e832b8be98814463be93c9835ece4d76" title="Ch6 Digital Arithmetic: Operations &amp; Circuits"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">Ch6 Digital Arithmetic: Operations &amp; Circuits</span></span></h2><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-a3c62aca278044299fadda892965de9d" data-id="a3c62aca278044299fadda892965de9d"><span><div id="a3c62aca278044299fadda892965de9d" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#a3c62aca278044299fadda892965de9d" title="Binary Addition"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">Binary Addition</span></span></h3><div class="notion-text notion-block-568b92e0a0934f02a23699e9f56d2473">相信二進位的加減不用複習了，但我們要介紹用二進為表達負數，用的sign notation怎麼計算</div><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-9d4a04d4d8ce4983932651daaefe1d0c"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F0798e3ee-90b0-4df9-8b65-24bb419c9a03%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=9d4a04d4-d8ce-4983-9326-51daaefe1d0c" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-text notion-block-da14703ffd2246adb04abc2ae5044bcb">首先，為什麼下面的數字代表-52，是因為它跟上面的+52相加，剛好會是0，因此它被定為-52，應該沒有更快的計算方法了</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-f97492ae70c3442c9631390507d195d2">他們是經過以下的方法計算</div><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-d6b7dd9a64a645b4a9f4a4462a47324b"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F42947654-cae3-48fe-bab1-20e1f5f56b03%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=d6b7dd9a-64a6-45b4-a9f4-a4462a47324b" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-text notion-block-bad729b1ef7e4927be4e99a632fa4a76">一看就懂：)，又稱作negation</div><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-2 notion-block-ba6d3511489549e59b086aafa376552c" data-id="ba6d3511489549e59b086aafa376552c"><span><div id="ba6d3511489549e59b086aafa376552c" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#ba6d3511489549e59b086aafa376552c" title="Sign Extension"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">Sign Extension</span></span></h4><div class="notion-text notion-block-3ea36f41fdfe4737b7c1bdca536d3a22">以下在解釋，當我們的系統有8-bit，但是我們只需要表示5-bit的正數、負數該怎麼辦，剩下的三位數</div><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-9a4b3d6517714d07a77df70f5bb6bf90"><li>假如是正數，那就補0</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-99df1a6ae8f846ea940ff7ef1c19939a"><li>假如是負數，那就補1</li></ul><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-2 notion-block-242d711b1e164ae0af3eb8f9f1620a22" data-id="242d711b1e164ae0af3eb8f9f1620a22"><span><div id="242d711b1e164ae0af3eb8f9f1620a22" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#242d711b1e164ae0af3eb8f9f1620a22" title="overflow"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">overflow</span></span></h4><div class="notion-text notion-block-0f3c5aa5169746778936d6f0cd938985">就是你的加法爆掉了</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-6017184958af44869d73b90c8d74a66a">酷酷的圖片補充說明</div><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-96cfd2787f1948f2a3f1e82feb8423de"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:520px;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F5cbd0220-d878-4832-88f6-b32a922e3afb%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=96cfd278-7f19-48f2-a3f1-e82feb8423de" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-06ef1f529ddf45e2b962503844303f71" data-id="06ef1f529ddf45e2b962503844303f71"><span><div id="06ef1f529ddf45e2b962503844303f71" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#06ef1f529ddf45e2b962503844303f71" title="Binary Multiplication"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">Binary Multiplication</span></span></h3><div class="notion-text notion-block-41bb5a6236a44117bbb6db65e8df5f3a">有手就行</div><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-a19bd84ff842444087c8fcf953749fd8"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:399px;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F22334dcc-213c-44ab-8279-f21d70f888ae%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=a19bd84f-f842-4440-87c8-fcf953749fd8" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-text notion-block-63d024aea1664281946b2d778cca1c14">假如遇到負數，那就先把負數都negation回來，再把東西乘起來，再看是不是負的，把他complement回去</div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-75e0f744fdb94a7480a084924c22dec7" data-id="75e0f744fdb94a7480a084924c22dec7"><span><div id="75e0f744fdb94a7480a084924c22dec7" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#75e0f744fdb94a7480a084924c22dec7" title="Arithmetic Circuits"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">Arithmetic Circuits</span></span></h3><div class="notion-text notion-block-01a2ed951b424f8bbba1d588aa584d3c">以下是ALU的構造</div><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-860408c336a44a63bd1faf5d168288b7"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:525px;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F2365b4fe-359a-4e47-8914-41f968713f52%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=860408c3-36a4-4a63-bd1f-af5d168288b7" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-93d08541544d40288546f148c4578968"><li>Accumulator, B register都是flip-flop，他們是快快的記憶體</li></ul><div class="notion-text notion-block-c5272188bb1d4f32b0d5d2bd51dd37ca">步驟：</div><ol start="1" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-12c32b974117401fa4c6873aae83dc45"><li>Control Unit先去看一下 Memory unit，了解現在要做什麼</li></ol><ol start="2" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-87397a87dcca40c2b08236c2c226d619"><li>Memory unit會把要被加的數字放到B register</li></ol><ol start="3" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-1af4ac521dd64759868f2f8d9b3d9334"><li>Logic circuits 負責把 Accumulator和 B register 加起來，並且放到 Accumulator</li></ol><ol start="4" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-6ba9f8907b494478b6d8a67fd6f46d33"><li>持續以上的步驟</li></ol><ol start="5" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-0ce078c55d454afa97783837cf131d37"><li>如果加完了，那就把Accumulator放回 Memory unit</li></ol><div class="notion-blank notion-block-21c2548ca80c443cbf9f5c5e14df2619"> </div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-e678489bd35e4fb6856b35507b8fc4eb"> </div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-942cb3eabe1c4780ba9ab6b75ad2ecc7"> </div><div class="notion-row notion-block-6e57261e098d4120ba8f4dafc7e6924b"><div class="notion-column notion-block-866f2ef9bab44a738b5fc3b0609195a3" style="width:calc((100% - (1 * min(32px, 4vw))) * 0.5)"><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-1df7b8f929634d5a9531a183ea1d83a1"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2Fca1baa7c-eff2-4161-9ce3-9b0f928df806%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=1df7b8f9-2963-4d5a-9531-a183ea1d83a1" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-text notion-block-1c75f2761b5d4ed2873691d1ab0f6efd">加法的詳細符號</div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-0f858b36fc8945169876fb0f4aff6630"> </div></div><div class="notion-spacer"></div><div class="notion-column notion-block-5700d2876295411784c872b086400916" style="width:calc((100% - (1 * min(32px, 4vw))) * 0.5)"><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-8d123d21c09d4e17ba0a0a51412d9430"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F09b056ef-00fd-42e5-b4a8-20995dc96881%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=8d123d21-c09d-4e17-ba0a-0a51412d9430" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-text notion-block-6416d4b2e52b4b4c882fc54e7ff3cab1">實際上加法的流程</div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-dc3ddf93b3ef464e9e6c7b56e5c6b114"> </div></div><div class="notion-spacer"></div></div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-9e65eae411fe423d8e2abc32e3f64fc0" data-id="9e65eae411fe423d8e2abc32e3f64fc0"><span><div id="9e65eae411fe423d8e2abc32e3f64fc0" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#9e65eae411fe423d8e2abc32e3f64fc0" title="Full Adder/ Half Adder"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">Full Adder/ Half Adder</span></span></h3><div class="notion-text notion-block-ed5867ead9dc4b1caf244be6237df6f6">了解以上的加法，我們就可以依照增值表把東西給生出來，十分暴力</div><div class="notion-row notion-block-01893b14c55e4c2d8ad764daaab8d4aa"><div class="notion-column notion-block-c4e69ccc72c843138bf16c35aa5e8865" style="width:calc((100% - (1 * min(32px, 4vw))) * 0.5)"><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-5ab5f90ac6d64f5e8b8eb098cb91838c"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2Fb9814a7b-26b6-4fe8-9252-a982afcc72c8%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=5ab5f90a-c6d6-4f5e-8b8e-b098cb91838c" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-text notion-block-f7fb6c0e71594e7e95a0a0e041374c0f">增值表</div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-33c43f3317c7421cb312398e6c3dc9c4"> </div></div><div class="notion-spacer"></div><div class="notion-column notion-block-be8807180655434eaefdcaf7918b0a3d" style="width:calc((100% - (1 * min(32px, 4vw))) * 0.5)"><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-1f4fdd91916a489fa5d55c984802fce7"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:663px;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F99b53eb6-cb94-4fb7-a7fa-9a523308a63f%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=1f4fdd91-916a-489f-a5d5-5c984802fce7" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-text notion-block-d065611eb16c4f8398386bbda22d9287">實際畫出來的人</div></div><div class="notion-spacer"></div></div><div class="notion-text notion-block-3e75d19cb4824c0fa38700628546aafc">半加器(Half Adder)：只有兩個input，通常是用LSB，因為沒有東西要進位</div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-2af7116fbecf41d9b6993f5492a6aca3"> </div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-3ea97f404dc2496bbce1f0a357856a53"> </div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-2ccceeaae2464c3086b098038049e8b7" data-id="2ccceeaae2464c3086b098038049e8b7"><span><div id="2ccceeaae2464c3086b098038049e8b7" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#2ccceeaae2464c3086b098038049e8b7" title="把register加上去的ALU"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">把register加上去的ALU</span></span></h3><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-b4a20b69e18a4684b6bb9622ab68d78b"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F6d000786-83ea-4935-9013-c11d191412ef%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=b4a20b69-e18a-4684-b6bb-9622ab68d78b" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-2 notion-block-ae5a8862c18344ec9a969d83b7ac6aa7" data-id="ae5a8862c18344ec9a969d83b7ac6aa7"><span><div id="ae5a8862c18344ec9a969d83b7ac6aa7" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#ae5a8862c18344ec9a969d83b7ac6aa7" title="Register Notation"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">Register Notation</span></span></h4><div class="notion-text notion-block-e7c925ce771646ba93ca797dadf1111e">              <!-- -->           </div><div class="notion-text notion-block-73c9bf3a49ea414f9bbff89be7a22b40">Transfer data from A to B </div><details class="notion-toggle notion-block-71c06dba3607408fae5b0adfe089c84b"><summary>用Register來看ALU</summary><div><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-2217be58b8cd468b8618988cfaca5473"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2Fc6d38452-ce7c-4740-b73f-c435e5184bab%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=2217be58-b8cd-468b-8618-988cfaca5473" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure></div></details><div class="notion-blank notion-block-3f1a715ad29044ed966a59cf745d007e"> </div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-20a0b3322951471da0957b52f8c0df4f"> </div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-4e76699051b146b18504656ab76028e7" data-id="4e76699051b146b18504656ab76028e7"><span><div id="4e76699051b146b18504656ab76028e7" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#4e76699051b146b18504656ab76028e7" title="Parallel Adder"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">Parallel Adder</span></span></h3><div class="notion-blank notion-block-0f0d8a4e30924567a55ad969ea4d733e"> </div><div class="notion-row notion-block-8609a47d8bde4c68be968a08aeb2cb2c"><div class="notion-column notion-block-0625448d13d94866b920455ccf1fb769" style="width:calc((100% - (1 * min(32px, 4vw))) * 0.5)"><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-c01ee37852fe4d55b495666e03db597e"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:454px;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F9abc172e-6298-4301-a9d5-45f219be877d%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=c01ee378-52fe-4d55-b495-666e03db597e" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-blank notion-block-b02eaebb658d40ddab90384871f460ee"> </div></div><div class="notion-spacer"></div><div class="notion-column notion-block-cf705779b3f24a1b8791ec6bcaa812e8" style="width:calc((100% - (1 * min(32px, 4vw))) * 0.5)"><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-1721520fcb55473abbfc8f767ee61359"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F2315bc92-b2be-4d5c-a21e-34425e98d7f0%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=1721520f-cb55-473a-bbfc-8f767ee61359" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-blank notion-block-187694f4af884a5e839efd34e5dca6a5"> </div></div><div class="notion-spacer"></div></div><h2 class="notion-h notion-h1 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-b2327e18a8a54ab89a7ca814bc385cab" data-id="b2327e18a8a54ab89a7ca814bc385cab"><span><div id="b2327e18a8a54ab89a7ca814bc385cab" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#b2327e18a8a54ab89a7ca814bc385cab" title="Ch7 Counters and Registers Part 1"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">Ch7 Counters and Registers Part 1</span></span></h2><div class="notion-text notion-block-fe2c53ebf6a44f2184241107af197850">主要是課本的7-1到7-14，在說明Counter的部分</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-7b45f1dc0ab04c01a1f38f4401241668">其中 7-9說明分析，7-10說明設計，7-11說明PLM的Library，7-12 to 14在說HDL</div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-3ab05417de404daf894ac5a942f3679a" data-id="3ab05417de404daf894ac5a942f3679a"><span><div id="3ab05417de404daf894ac5a942f3679a" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#3ab05417de404daf894ac5a942f3679a" title="Ripple Counter"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">Ripple Counter</span></span></h3><details class="notion-toggle notion-block-48693a023c114bc781d74f010964c87b"><summary>圖片：基本上看了一目了然，就是利用前一個JK ff下降的時候，下一個才會改變狀態</summary><div><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-1b9ce7fc453447b483c84d8a1d92b6df"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:960px;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2Fc9b2842f-a1f1-4702-97c5-3adbf7ba6792%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=1b9ce7fc-4534-47b4-83c8-4d8a1d92b6df" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure></div></details><div class="notion-text notion-block-ed06ec85d6dc41b7acd0f26137e38775">同時觀察，每一個ff它們的frequence是不一樣的</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-f5c342bc778c4502bb4de881e4a22b4d">一個使用的Example，以及會出現propagation delay的地方</div><div class="notion-row notion-block-ae25e88e78a8454cba5c32cc472d19b7"><div class="notion-column notion-block-1e37ea3aa93f47b7a5a7bf5203c8a985" style="width:calc((100% - (1 * min(32px, 4vw))) * 0.5)"><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-9db121f781d24a6ca4d6dd4baa0ba220"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:576px;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2Fa256e652-92ba-4f72-8f09-b8034eab8a30%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=9db121f7-81d2-4a6c-a4d6-dd4baa0ba220" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure></div><div class="notion-spacer"></div><div class="notion-column notion-block-4cc1802ee8f246a1b0fb92be579a3b55" style="width:calc((100% - (1 * min(32px, 4vw))) * 0.5)"><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-c68bdf214ff24eb398a7d2801a9fd888"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:582px;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F7c679ba7-2ec9-4ede-bdfe-53784ed340e7%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=c68bdf21-4ff2-4eb3-98a7-d2801a9fd888" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure></div><div class="notion-spacer"></div></div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-97cae10661cd422cb967c9846eb37af4"> </div><div class="notion-text notion-block-00410e09d80a4facaa508483ef6675c1">所以可以發現，當我們想要做很大的counter，利用ripple的結構會讓整體的delay非常嚴重，因此會使用到paralle的結構</div><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-8b61f6b587664cdfa126794ead93b938"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:672px;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F9bf6aaab-3121-4ccc-afc5-16d8aca0ba8b%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=8b61f6b5-8766-4cdf-a126-794ead93b938" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-text notion-block-6bf7ed59f39e44a6a3030a821376a362">基本上再多的FF我們的delay都是一樣的，但詳細這邊就不去思考了</div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-6b3009e4cff34827b8ab32659ed02abc"> </div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-8caa8a8445c047598376f2bf4f583a6a" data-id="8caa8a8445c047598376f2bf4f583a6a"><span><div id="8caa8a8445c047598376f2bf4f583a6a" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#8caa8a8445c047598376f2bf4f583a6a" title="製作一個 &lt;的計數器"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">製作一個 &lt;<!-- -->的計數器</span></span></h3><div class="notion-text notion-block-c282e4493a3144cfae1312d7bb00561a">上面給的例子，都只會再<!-- -->進位的時候變成全部都是0，我們希望他可以更有彈性一點</div><div class="notion-row notion-block-7c03b2b2b9a64447a213fe6986bf1d4c"><div class="notion-column notion-block-ffbd299b4c6844528b20356f3147c737" style="width:calc((100% - (1 * min(32px, 4vw))) * 0.5)"><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-07b433c5ec56482b9802f6988e7ea9ca"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:816px;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2Fbe884b3a-ab73-4a52-b8a9-b187752d68e6%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=07b433c5-ec56-482b-9802-f6988e7ea9ca" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure></div><div class="notion-spacer"></div><div class="notion-column notion-block-443b9b68faf64b5ea59cbfe80b74e202" style="width:calc((100% - (1 * min(32px, 4vw))) * 0.5)"><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-b9244bdd8d634fce9388c176e1883896"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:602px;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F6ae05a74-f8f6-493f-8371-97bfe19e6f15%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=b9244bdd-8d63-4fce-9388-c176e1883896" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-text notion-block-4889f9c90749480c84a02f31124e5b6a">用State Transition dagram來表達這個counter的狀態</div></div><div class="notion-spacer"></div></div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-2cf8432ea77546a4810ee198e4c08ecf"> </div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-bda48ec8e965471090527b11dfcb80b7" data-id="bda48ec8e965471090527b11dfcb80b7"><span><div id="bda48ec8e965471090527b11dfcb80b7" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#bda48ec8e965471090527b11dfcb80b7" title="製作up/down counter"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">製作up/down counter</span></span></h3><div class="notion-row notion-block-37d3573fc956415b8813742917857275"><div class="notion-column notion-block-dc888e93e3124ddb8a24aa591f64909c" style="width:calc((100% - (1 * min(32px, 4vw))) * 0.5)"><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-47da07b8210e4e3c9b72a3e4267bf847"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F52b2dca0-9f88-44ae-ab4d-1df80c6bf81b%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=47da07b8-210e-4e3c-9b72-a3e4267bf847" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure></div><div class="notion-spacer"></div><div class="notion-column notion-block-9062a3c423314a9485b135dd6f71e092" style="width:calc((100% - (1 * min(32px, 4vw))) * 0.5)"><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-be181f3f26ac4bcf8823e2d94646135b"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:614px;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F6250358e-2db7-4637-8954-f279da5de1fe%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=be181f3f-26ac-4bcf-8823-e2d94646135b" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure></div><div class="notion-spacer"></div></div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-0da54b5916764f6e8f85910a7a299af7"> </div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-c9436653702141d7920efcc3a16a4125" data-id="c9436653702141d7920efcc3a16a4125"><span><div id="c9436653702141d7920efcc3a16a4125" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#c9436653702141d7920efcc3a16a4125" title="Presettable counters"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">Presettable counters</span></span></h3><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-13b65e2fe3f544b6a7461fb2f951bef9"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:528px;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F1c2c3f5f-bc52-4e2d-aa79-b5a2fc157ec3%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=13b65e2f-e3f5-44b6-a746-1fb2f951bef9" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-text notion-block-04ef15ccf4fd485889353c35d9ed7a94">可以設定從哪個數字開始</div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-7a72bc0a3d604e66bcd044e9f181c89b"> </div><div class="notion-text notion-block-cc4e62235534495ab86223ece2fc98c8">不用為了設定另一個數字，重新改整個電路的配置</div><details class="notion-toggle notion-block-82e82c3335a549b1970fc47362c6ab25"><summary>細一點的流程</summary><div><div class="notion-text notion-block-66f88cff54444d2fa5e791a3e2664630">這個預設操作也被稱為對計數器進行並行加載。
圖7-12顯示了一個三位預設並行上計數器的邏輯電路。J, K, 和CLK輸入端被連接以作為並行上計數器運行。異步的PRESET和CLEAR輸入被連接以執行異步預設。通過執行以下操作，可以在任何時候用任何期望的計數值來加載計數器：</div><ol start="1" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-fd9abc8e978b4808a5c1cdef5a70bb7b"><li>將期望的計數值應用到並行數據輸入端，P2, P1, 和 P0。</li></ol><ol start="2" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-9a4e6a97fa6a4d0b8979e7c00073066f"><li>向並行加載輸入，PL，應用一個低脈衝。</li></ol><div class="notion-text notion-block-e92d0d99e1574e48af28b3679ba76788">這個程序將會執行一個異步轉移，將P2, P1, 和P0的級別分別轉移到觸發器Q2, Q1, 和Q0中（參見第5-16節）。這個堵塞轉移的發生是獨立於J, K, 和CLK輸入的。只要PL處於其活動低狀態，CLK輸入的效果就會被禁用，因為當PL = 0時，每個FF都會有一個異步輸入被激活。
一旦PL返回高，FFs就能對它們的CLK輸入作出反應，並可以從加載到計數器中的計數值開始恢復計數上的操作。</div></div></details><div class="notion-blank notion-block-ca29ff738524454d845baf367aef5993"> </div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-f4e0c5be159c4f2792ad1534460f8c71" data-id="f4e0c5be159c4f2792ad1534460f8c71"><span><div id="f4e0c5be159c4f2792ad1534460f8c71" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#f4e0c5be159c4f2792ad1534460f8c71" title="一些實際的Counter IC"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">一些實際的Counter IC</span></span></h3><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-5a7ae34ca40a4ae18b2f9ae168bd96d6"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:480px;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F20de19e7-55e0-42d3-a917-f18763c0e9f1%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=5a7ae34c-a40a-4ae1-8b2f-9ae168bd96d6" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-text notion-block-c448599a8cbc49ebbf65c76d40829938">參考就好：)</div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-5b198200ab5e419a9693df1a2ee58d78" data-id="5b198200ab5e419a9693df1a2ee58d78"><span><div id="5b198200ab5e419a9693df1a2ee58d78" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#5b198200ab5e419a9693df1a2ee58d78" title="Decoding a Counter"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">Decoding a Counter</span></span></h3><div class="notion-blank notion-block-44f4b36e0d584c07884c4bda67452f04"> </div><div class="notion-text notion-block-c74d18265a914ddfa209a57546214da8">簡單的版本：偵測有沒有數到那個數字，只有兩個狀態(是或不是)</div><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-ed8a34e3718f4631af27bd51c8e86868"><li>Active-HIGH Decoding：用AND去實現</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-53765a474be74950a8301d05900b3542"><li>Active-LOW Decoding：用NAND去實現</li></ul><div class="notion-blank notion-block-2b5fd8f2933142f893cf9992499615a9"> </div><div class="notion-text notion-block-54dfcc9c2b2f4fc3b25403ff48db2e71">BCD Counter Decoding：就把它翻譯成人類看得懂的十進位</div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-ff1097c6c351477bafad320f2c3676ae"> </div><h2 class="notion-h notion-h1 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-1bcfaa17a36a4e939df3521f53519495" data-id="1bcfaa17a36a4e939df3521f53519495"><span><div id="1bcfaa17a36a4e939df3521f53519495" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#1bcfaa17a36a4e939df3521f53519495" title="Ch7 Counters and Registers Part 2"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">Ch7 Counters and Registers Part 2</span></span></h2><div class="notion-text notion-block-18a112d2765345aab2177a4005c756e1">主要是課本的7-15到7-22，在說明Registers</div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-e368c347d19d4bafb0f69dd884dfd189"> </div><div class="notion-text notion-block-a93f801446204148835a83156b00e599">7-15在說無聊名詞，其他自己類推</div><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-f1812b7fec0d44b0bc93bd9d8e3a503b"><li>PIPO(平行進平行出)</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-95953996c4c94aa69ac30c5d0dbfe3e6"><li>SISP(異進異出)</li></ul><div class="notion-blank notion-block-0d9877f4231d4b66b8ac70bab223e3a9"> </div><div class="notion-text notion-block-e18b85aec43a4051b9143e44e5f07f53">7-16在說明IC registers</div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-d2416c4f8dd4408da21f0a6a02f4e1a9"> </div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-c81f6031e3e2453db5174fd810823384" data-id="c81f6031e3e2453db5174fd810823384"><span><div id="c81f6031e3e2453db5174fd810823384" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#c81f6031e3e2453db5174fd810823384" title="Shift-Register Counters"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">Shift-Register Counters</span></span></h3><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-2 notion-block-b56a810f669a4177956e8ad360bbe47b" data-id="b56a810f669a4177956e8ad360bbe47b"><span><div id="b56a810f669a4177956e8ad360bbe47b" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#b56a810f669a4177956e8ad360bbe47b" title="Ring Counter"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">Ring Counter</span></span></h4><div class="notion-text notion-block-671e2cac2ed74eb8a0afeedc0b0ad4ed">基於Shift-Register來達成的，如下圖，它就是把那個1一直送給下一個人</div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-802a332e89674ccc88cec3a39e820a07"> </div><div class="notion-row notion-block-61a1793da70241bdba7b22b31c43be77"><div class="notion-column notion-block-3a9d33167f404a9098f46efb7155824f" style="width:calc((100% - (1 * min(32px, 4vw))) * 0.5)"><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-6d91ed71a4494850824eadfb3f6e87a5"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:432px;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F4af70131-47e7-4b59-a52a-1660d7bfdc08%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=6d91ed71-a449-4850-824e-adfb3f6e87a5" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-text notion-block-9650d7442ddc4f2da0aeb619d841870a">(計算數字的樣子)</div></div><div class="notion-spacer"></div><div class="notion-column notion-block-4ab46b7237ed4b25ba0c41f3533230ca" style="width:calc((100% - (1 * min(32px, 4vw))) * 0.5)"><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-4dc665151cc04f20a46c38dcfb4e7f50"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F0f1b1e4c-9c26-46b5-909f-1f13842657cd%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=4dc66515-1cc0-4f20-a46c-38dcfb4e7f50" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-text notion-block-7a598f03732543dfbcf0f7b561d4817e">(結構)</div></div><div class="notion-spacer"></div></div><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-2 notion-block-6abc398b6b4e49f190aa11d7e62991ed" data-id="6abc398b6b4e49f190aa11d7e62991ed"><span><div id="6abc398b6b4e49f190aa11d7e62991ed" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#6abc398b6b4e49f190aa11d7e62991ed" title="Johnson Counter"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">Johnson Counter</span></span></h4><div class="notion-text notion-block-d3760649cba749ceaf9ad1543f2363e5">在設計上是Ring Counter的小修改版</div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-7f6248b1904d425daf93cb9243e5228b"> </div><div class="notion-row notion-block-577578d67b6549958a1c1de4a56ca0c9"><div class="notion-column notion-block-a4d675c1b6c442adb29fb904cdb6d57a" style="width:calc((100% - (1 * min(32px, 4vw))) * 0.5)"><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-f508d1786d6140489d06297f3f3871fb"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:432px;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2Fe5fccaa1-accc-4991-b30c-b949cc5b5b9b%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=f508d178-6d61-4048-9d06-297f3f3871fb" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure></div><div class="notion-spacer"></div><div class="notion-column notion-block-d5059984b67f4a62ad9a4cc40d2c1037" style="width:calc((100% - (1 * min(32px, 4vw))) * 0.5)"><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-aa51b8d5ea59435490380c0fe73e540b"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2Fe5cff228-a565-4e24-a627-70d066d5c903%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=aa51b8d5-ea59-4354-9038-0c0fe73e540b" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure></div><div class="notion-spacer"></div></div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-e2d91cf606e0402e9432ec5c73f48153"> </div><div class="notion-text notion-block-d2af082e77c348cfa8e5dbfb301996b8">Decode的方法</div><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-0103c4d54dd34b6ab76c9755deb44b43"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:672px;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F2e3e19d5-07a4-4963-aecb-06571e83ab41%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=0103c4d5-4dd3-4b6a-b76c-9755deb44b43" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-blank notion-block-1bc62ce42064415e9b8d1beb38319262"> </div></main></div>]]></content:encoded>
        </item>
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            <title><![CDATA[數位邏輯 - ch1 - ch5]]></title>
            <link>/article/299e9fea-15ea-4056-b5d0-7ac70f104edd</link>
            <guid>/article/299e9fea-15ea-4056-b5d0-7ac70f104edd</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 02 Jul 2021 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <content:encoded><![CDATA[<div id="notion-article" class="mx-auto overflow-hidden "><main class="notion light-mode notion-page notion-block-299e9fea15ea4056b5d07ac70f104edd"><div class="notion-viewport"></div><div class="notion-collection-page-properties"></div><div class="notion-table-of-contents notion-gray notion-block-85b0c3db512a439c87082b1d3e43b088"><a href="#23aa46f4c4e442ed8da3bd6ea20018aa" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:0">說明</span></a><a href="#02a7dacd875f409d9848777f6c69bcd2" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:0">Ch1</span></a><a href="#5dd109b0070c4a129f1711f70a41e2a0" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:24px">概念區</span></a><a href="#cb7608380f2d4f099130e69b98fb4a7b" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:24px">名詞區</span></a><a href="#ebb8d7ff133347429b9061ad5ce20075" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:0">Ch2</span></a><a href="#aaff326fa25b49ab9b5c7605eddd7893" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:24px">BCD Code</span></a><a href="#0a3b4e3c33bf49308bd18a84dead95f6" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:24px">Gray Code</span></a><a href="#6450138a5fef4dee89d1e2d8710d433f" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:24px">Byte, nibble, word</span></a><a href="#8fb81f4e5a8f44559a61b92a6f13eab7" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:0">Ch3</span></a><a href="#ad0b153f5f5d4c0793db7b0ba1ce0881" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:24px">常用的圖示</span></a><a href="#d50f7195c72b4bc78c7e1b81dbac19ea" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:24px">Analysis Table</span></a><a href="#43491be183dd4056b8fecba26c96e2a8" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:48px">經常用到的rule</span></a><a href="#51ad609b087d43b8b286e75cf47ff4ba" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:24px">阿蛇火燒屁股補充 - 用NOR和NAND來組成其他元件</span></a><a href="#9a427f8bca664643954909e68983a6e6" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:24px">用程式寫邏輯電路</span></a><a href="#9f5ab6287b50441c9edf72c070655a7e" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:0">Ch4 Combinational Logic Circuits</span></a><a href="#d0c80a6fae0d4149b498f855474db852" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:24px">簡單帶過的章節</span></a><a href="#fbafd8d7df0a41a7a67dbc495597a69c" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:24px">Exclusive-OR, NOR</span></a><a href="#71c3ddacfc4e47cebd4b0e4a90f2cc52" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:48px">Parity Generator &amp; Checker</span></a><a href="#7209224dc923470f95ced2d8f3cf85b1" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:24px">Enable/Disable Circuit</span></a><a href="#3961a00f91f94f52ab36e1c2b3fb783c" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:24px">Basic Characterstics of Legacy Digital ICs</span></a><a href="#da1a923d023f470eae1cf8c9e5ab56cd" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:48px">Bipolar 和 Unipolar Digital ICs</span></a><a href="#4e9fb5d123d74ecf89d7b46da5368f66" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:48px">Logic-Level Voltage Ranges</span></a><a href="#d98d0560d9e14552b1611e12b337bbfe" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:48px">Floating input</span></a><a href="#a32746e15a424c46badc0974063c98ce" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:48px">Logic-Circuit Connection Diagrams
</span></a><a href="#ab6a8c47691847869ac63dd484e7bfb5" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:24px">TroubleShooting區域 (4-10 - 13)</span></a><a href="#6e051e9aadb3418a9da6d4b7e0a5bbcf" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:24px">PLD區域</span></a><a href="#16aebe6a64094f888f8b899c346f93c3" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:0">Ch5 Flip-Flops and Related Devices</span></a><a href="#54d01a4c7151465fa645178f7d09efaa" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:24px">簡介Flip-Flops</span></a><a href="#0205e6c767f6477e8ac2a768e54ec7de" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:24px">簡單的Flip-Flops(S-R latches)</span></a><a href="#3ec280bfc3bd492ebb0556388d4605e4" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:24px">Digital Pulse(脈衝)</span></a><a href="#86e12aaa253f4733aad50a90507320bb" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:24px">Clock與它的小夥伴</span></a><a href="#206ffcd68a4c4e53b4299ac61357a90e" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:24px">Edge-Triggered S-R Flip-Flop</span></a><a href="#7d4c0459f165459999d3a8967f049cc5" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:24px">JK filp-flop</span></a><a href="#0888999966fb401ba2fb9061b888778d" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:48px">JK觸發器的工作模式：</span></a><a href="#e372fd4b234b4d69a7c39b6e8d1bbb10" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:24px">Flip-Flop的應用們</span></a><a href="#26a133de6af240d3bc8c236d06aa299c" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:48px">Data Storage &amp; Transfer</span></a><a href="#e184df404fb144579d9c382ba4cbf811" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:48px">SERIAL DATA TRANSFER: SHIFT REGISTERS</span></a><a href="#611dd981ecd345f4b4afecf3092f7bde" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:48px">Clock Generator Circuit</span></a></div><h2 class="notion-h notion-h1 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-23aa46f4c4e442ed8da3bd6ea20018aa" data-id="23aa46f4c4e442ed8da3bd6ea20018aa"><span><div id="23aa46f4c4e442ed8da3bd6ea20018aa" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#23aa46f4c4e442ed8da3bd6ea20018aa" title="說明"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">說明</span></span></h2><div class="notion-text notion-block-7ea126e2d2b44edea0f2634f599183fd">這份筆記主要是可以簡單地知道Digital System會涉及到的一些名詞知識，目標不是在讓你考過Digital System並且擁有強大的計算能力</div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-86ea4a525b1e470c9ad79b00d99e967d"> </div><div class="notion-text notion-block-cbdfa4e516734c04880f952cc3c51706">例外，書裡面提到的PLD, HDL不會在筆記內，需要會再另外開個筆記記錄</div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-81e88bb4d9454c95bef6b6953ea8a2d0"> </div><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-832c56d7a8d44ef88c0c30bdd0e3e5a4"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F4b10282e-02a5-4036-87be-31aaaf0f2af6%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=832c56d7-a8d4-4ef8-8c0c-30bdd0e3e5a4" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-text notion-block-d1156f103fae44ff85b1d25fa4f17641">好站推薦：<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="notion-link" href="https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1PL4y1H77Z/?spm_id_from=333.999.0.0&amp;vd_source=36276a434d87cd7654f608dc70e60948">https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1PL4y1H77Z/?spm_id_from=333.999.0.0&amp;vd_source=36276a434d87cd7654f608dc70e60948</a></div><h2 class="notion-h notion-h1 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-02a7dacd875f409d9848777f6c69bcd2" data-id="02a7dacd875f409d9848777f6c69bcd2"><span><div id="02a7dacd875f409d9848777f6c69bcd2" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#02a7dacd875f409d9848777f6c69bcd2" title="Ch1"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">Ch1</span></span></h2><div class="notion-text notion-block-53070681bd494132ae6888c70a3ef2e7">目錄</div><div class="notion-row notion-block-4dd5313ed5da4f4b9e3753b683ac4ed0"><div class="notion-column notion-block-fda3426fede949f2b6520a2c1b621c60" style="width:calc((100% - (1 * min(32px, 4vw))) * 0.5)"><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-0ca8239d27694cd2bfa8160f59ff3064"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2Fb32a4ab6-a3e0-4a07-9800-052fc3f69763%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=0ca8239d-2769-4cd2-bfa8-160f59ff3064" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure></div><div class="notion-spacer"></div><div class="notion-column notion-block-636b082dca5a458da5d346a8837ac144" style="width:calc((100% - (1 * min(32px, 4vw))) * 0.5)"><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-2f076594674c462eaad9b97db4275192"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:414px;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F664624dc-db57-4469-b0eb-82bc0d1c7e52%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=2f076594-674c-462e-aad9-b97db4275192" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-blank notion-block-9f2590e6b8fc4be18644242c1f9c5453"> </div></div><div class="notion-spacer"></div></div><div class="notion-text notion-block-0bd83745b24d489fa4bee722ab2f199f">要點：</div><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-299d600cab7e46229abd68ee63dc530f"><li>知道為什麼數位(離散)對於電腦重要</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-41310e2eb9934936be94413f8e8154f7"><li>一些名詞(在名詞區)</li></ul><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-5dd109b0070c4a129f1711f70a41e2a0" data-id="5dd109b0070c4a129f1711f70a41e2a0"><span><div id="5dd109b0070c4a129f1711f70a41e2a0" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#5dd109b0070c4a129f1711f70a41e2a0" title="概念區"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">概念區</span></span></h4><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-a14df290f6f8492f8e11ee4516362291"><li>Digital vs Analog</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-96284c3bd42b4fbcba0896986eed846f"><li>各種進位制(2,8,10,16)轉換</li></ul><details class="notion-toggle notion-block-cb7608380f2d4f099130e69b98fb4a7b"><summary><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-cb7608380f2d4f099130e69b98fb4a7b" data-id="cb7608380f2d4f099130e69b98fb4a7b"><span><div id="cb7608380f2d4f099130e69b98fb4a7b" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><span class="notion-h-title">名詞區</span></span></h4></summary><div><div class="notion-text notion-block-758d556547ca40cca2688e448d33da5b">Period:</div><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-a1eba8e90d0f493babb90157d489a61a"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2Fd68de546-68e5-4c73-9c28-08b52c99425c%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=a1eba8e9-0d0f-493b-abb9-0157d489a61a" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-text notion-block-d1526dbb41fb4ce4892445827a9d3930">Duty Cycle:</div><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-84ee3334e23e44fcaec27612ef7f73c9"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F6079a063-f97d-4aa9-9d37-1a94fcb2924b%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=84ee3334-e23e-44fc-aec2-7612ef7f73c9" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-text notion-block-c36a2077b9bd4266b75ddb00b0d3596e">Edges/Events:</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-adcca773927c4c93b320b43e24ea6700">Events指的是「高轉低」或「低轉高」</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-80db32a8558c430e813dbf5a41ee08e6">Edges指的是那個轉的地方</div><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-f94a30ee107f42a3a81d6ce8f77a3039"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F3fd1d897-f512-4f14-a3ad-6efa7a78c4d0%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=f94a30ee-107f-42a3-a81d-6ce8f77a3039" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-text notion-block-15a8fb93b6dd451bbd54076e4d65807a">Parallel &amp; Serial Transmission:</div><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-b4f4eaf024d847e88537e82cae769546"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2Fbba49a91-097d-469c-8a40-c76b10d101a2%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=b4f4eaf0-24d8-47e8-8537-e82cae769546" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-text notion-block-bfbd2678ea8b4ac9bfeb3d31e28db1a6"><span class="notion-yellow">Memory Circuit(第五章會看到它):</span></div><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-50c37a8bc17c402d9d9066a8723d52ee"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2Fcb341d5e-1ddb-41dc-867c-35b24496adea%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=50c37a8b-c17c-402d-9d90-66a8723d52ee" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure></div></details><h2 class="notion-h notion-h1 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-ebb8d7ff133347429b9061ad5ce20075" data-id="ebb8d7ff133347429b9061ad5ce20075"><span><div id="ebb8d7ff133347429b9061ad5ce20075" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#ebb8d7ff133347429b9061ad5ce20075" title="Ch2"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">Ch2</span></span></h2><div class="notion-text notion-block-aaae3d3d8e2c44af8f76d298a78b4d73">目錄</div><div class="notion-row notion-block-d84c45b0c1cd432a86d0ba013cc9fd7c"><div class="notion-column notion-block-ce23ea2019e241b2852af8826614434e" style="width:calc((100% - (1 * min(32px, 4vw))) * 0.5)"><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-9250a37d0d0e4b5ab382d620543c5217"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2Ff7a45f00-2e4c-4d08-a7ac-9b3f1f4aa3ca%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=9250a37d-0d0e-4b5a-b382-d620543c5217" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure></div><div class="notion-spacer"></div><div class="notion-column notion-block-c5294ee0e0fd452cb0a809ee16065151" style="width:calc((100% - (1 * min(32px, 4vw))) * 0.5)"><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-c6e6d3296642451197d904f5dc65fbf0"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F04b406c3-8597-4156-b01b-cd6b8e8aac99%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=c6e6d329-6642-4511-97d9-04f5dc65fbf0" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure></div><div class="notion-spacer"></div></div><div class="notion-text notion-block-0ea00f664ad944e2befbb74587ac6101">要點:</div><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-87e31e7cc484431190357dd55b6c4ae3"><li>各種數字系統轉換(2-1 to 2-3)</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-f9504387c7fc457eb96900e18374f050"><li>知道甚麼是BCD和Gray Code和Alphanumeric Codes</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-3487da349c7045319a55ada7316c9ba8"><li>Parity Method會在第四章有實作，簡單知道就好</li></ul><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-aaff326fa25b49ab9b5c7605eddd7893" data-id="aaff326fa25b49ab9b5c7605eddd7893"><span><div id="aaff326fa25b49ab9b5c7605eddd7893" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#aaff326fa25b49ab9b5c7605eddd7893" title="BCD Code"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">BCD Code</span></span></h4><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-dc22b6b9e6b746e1b15d2f9abc7235c1"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2Fe53ef071-2e9c-4b32-a64f-f42ec8390c96%2F%25E6%2588%25AA%25E5%259C%2596_2023-09-15_%25E4%25B8%258B%25E5%258D%25882.33.25.png?table=block&amp;id=dc22b6b9-e6b7-46e1-b15d-2f9abc7235c1" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-0a3b4e3c33bf49308bd18a84dead95f6" data-id="0a3b4e3c33bf49308bd18a84dead95f6"><span><div id="0a3b4e3c33bf49308bd18a84dead95f6" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#0a3b4e3c33bf49308bd18a84dead95f6" title="Gray Code"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">Gray Code</span></span></h4><div class="notion-text notion-block-e7f2316875dd4f458c016294ea345d9a">只要記得：每一個數字之間，都只差一個bit</div><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-d4c99de5eb414f9fb0c4d9a6cf2559f4"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F012e3e5e-4470-4b0c-b51d-ee188d3d65f3%2F%25E6%2588%25AA%25E5%259C%2596_2023-09-15_%25E4%25B8%258B%25E5%258D%25882.33.59.png?table=block&amp;id=d4c99de5-eb41-4f9f-b0c4-d9a6cf2559f4" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-blank notion-block-8ca07ac84ede49788c5638864f303b1b"> </div><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-6450138a5fef4dee89d1e2d8710d433f" data-id="6450138a5fef4dee89d1e2d8710d433f"><span><div id="6450138a5fef4dee89d1e2d8710d433f" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#6450138a5fef4dee89d1e2d8710d433f" title="Byte, nibble, word"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">Byte, nibble, word</span></span></h4><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-491c3f3cfcc44c84bc7506717eed9e79"><li>byte: 8bit</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-9408127d929b49979e4c3a9a564bb3d0"><li>nibble: 4bit(<!-- -->byte)</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-19147648f36c40058c2b11625d1fe015"><li>word: 不一定，但personal computer是8byte(utf-8)，代表一個word的unit</li></ul><h2 class="notion-h notion-h1 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-8fb81f4e5a8f44559a61b92a6f13eab7" data-id="8fb81f4e5a8f44559a61b92a6f13eab7"><span><div id="8fb81f4e5a8f44559a61b92a6f13eab7" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#8fb81f4e5a8f44559a61b92a6f13eab7" title="Ch3"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">Ch3</span></span></h2><div class="notion-text notion-block-28e21c34bb6b43a79ac2af5b0524ccd4">目錄</div><div class="notion-row notion-block-82243aef2bf74209bc6c8553300cbb3f"><div class="notion-column notion-block-8155ef3ab1a94128903287d9b459f22a" style="width:calc((100% - (1 * min(32px, 4vw))) * 0.5)"><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-30ce45e9a6e941c7a0d0c36a499141f0"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2Fca61f23c-5065-4c73-a5d3-5b4af24b4a86%2F%25E6%2588%25AA%25E5%259C%2596_2023-09-15_%25E4%25B8%258B%25E5%258D%25882.40.16.png?table=block&amp;id=30ce45e9-a6e9-41c7-a0d0-c36a499141f0" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-blank notion-block-24096a1f409d46b1849d672da278b421"> </div></div><div class="notion-spacer"></div><div class="notion-column notion-block-bc16c7f99f6a464f9a7c92d72f47a4fd" style="width:calc((100% - (1 * min(32px, 4vw))) * 0.5)"><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-4bbbec4d39ca4f07902ab730ee10f129"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F7e683d3d-dc99-4ef5-b157-e33bcf0b8250%2F%25E6%2588%25AA%25E5%259C%2596_2023-09-15_%25E4%25B8%258B%25E5%258D%25882.40.26.png?table=block&amp;id=4bbbec4d-39ca-4f07-902a-b730ee10f129" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure></div><div class="notion-spacer"></div></div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-47b2b30770d6477ab61a5ddbfc361e36"> </div><div class="notion-text notion-block-1bede66ab69a44f09203fb9bacc9c028">這章主要就是一直算，主要會紀錄沒有要算的章節</div><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-ad0b153f5f5d4c0793db7b0ba1ce0881" data-id="ad0b153f5f5d4c0793db7b0ba1ce0881"><span><div id="ad0b153f5f5d4c0793db7b0ba1ce0881" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#ad0b153f5f5d4c0793db7b0ba1ce0881" title="常用的圖示"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">常用的圖示</span></span></h4><div class="notion-row notion-block-3725ba02082148c885ceb6b05056b945"><div class="notion-column notion-block-e7df76022d6d492a9ad31eede9241368" style="width:calc((100% - (2 * min(32px, 4vw))) * 0.29166666666666663)"><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-c811029a15e84946b822113c6901e1bd"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:614px;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F62514c10-f4a8-44da-b475-0ba38fc300d3%2F%25E6%2588%25AA%25E5%259C%2596_2023-09-15_%25E4%25B8%258B%25E5%258D%25882.44.24.png?table=block&amp;id=c811029a-15e8-4946-b822-113c6901e1bd" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-blank notion-block-d5bf36bff996402d9079eeea2e5a2949"> </div></div><div class="notion-spacer"></div><div class="notion-column notion-block-621b1382f7a44bbca52c2128dd6fa949" style="width:calc((100% - (2 * min(32px, 4vw))) * 0.37500000000000017)"><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-740a7e509a1942268be7ccabf84a4f2b"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:656px;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F42c8bfe0-bc1d-4571-a43b-050725420da6%2F%25E6%2588%25AA%25E5%259C%2596_2023-09-15_%25E4%25B8%258B%25E5%258D%25882.44.43.png?table=block&amp;id=740a7e50-9a19-4226-8be7-ccabf84a4f2b" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-blank notion-block-07ce479942e34742908010d63edea866"> </div></div><div class="notion-spacer"></div><div class="notion-column notion-block-7d54f8bc358f40a4a78adae97212884c" style="width:calc((100% - (2 * min(32px, 4vw))) * 0.3333333333333333)"><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-572f9e26b3be41eca00f673a3f854671"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:652px;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F18c64015-ee45-4c53-b5a7-1d9a2e8bbf79%2F%25E6%2588%25AA%25E5%259C%2596_2023-09-15_%25E4%25B8%258B%25E5%258D%25882.45.11.png?table=block&amp;id=572f9e26-b3be-41ec-a00f-673a3f854671" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure></div><div class="notion-spacer"></div></div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-2f28ab4181fa44788ad9137b1972f9aa"> </div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-d50f7195c72b4bc78c7e1b81dbac19ea" data-id="d50f7195c72b4bc78c7e1b81dbac19ea"><span><div id="d50f7195c72b4bc78c7e1b81dbac19ea" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#d50f7195c72b4bc78c7e1b81dbac19ea" title="Analysis Table"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">Analysis Table</span></span></h3><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-f5817568cd6941718f150936236d28df"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F94807f45-cdd7-4a5c-8a36-be8d4b27b07e%2F%25E6%2588%25AA%25E5%259C%2596_2023-09-15_%25E4%25B8%258B%25E5%258D%25882.46.30.png?table=block&amp;id=f5817568-cd69-4171-8f15-0936236d28df" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-2 notion-block-43491be183dd4056b8fecba26c96e2a8" data-id="43491be183dd4056b8fecba26c96e2a8"><span><div id="43491be183dd4056b8fecba26c96e2a8" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#43491be183dd4056b8fecba26c96e2a8" title="經常用到的rule"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">經常用到的rule</span></span></h4><div class="notion-row notion-block-408186961e40482784893c3da5fcf430"><div class="notion-column notion-block-b16d14fce0b94bceba183b86bcabd088" style="width:calc((100% - (1 * min(32px, 4vw))) * 0.5)"><ol start="1" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-7d6214321ea64ded9e6910a174de87a5"><li></li></ol><ol start="2" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-3f2bb29973b54b1487969b6ec180bf23"><li></li></ol><ol start="3" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-0a3d0b14e196411488e13e7f3e8a1e3e"><li></li></ol><ol start="4" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-da2bbccf687c496284a31461c8a2f126"><li></li></ol></div><div class="notion-spacer"></div><div class="notion-column notion-block-2128dd9443d14713b1862a20520ead3d" style="width:calc((100% - (1 * min(32px, 4vw))) * 0.5000000000000002)"><ol start="1" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-9660785c8b334f909b25843a43c5bae5"><li></li></ol><ol start="2" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-b6ac762ee99b4aa4920aa3c1220318bc"><li></li></ol><ol start="3" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-86fb3a04a04e48b9a9f0a9775bedd83c"><li></li></ol><ol start="4" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-921dedadf23d493e8159a25e91a90836"><li></li></ol></div><div class="notion-spacer"></div></div><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-c47b8b8953c74837b12b5a2d829ceca8"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2Fe503cf5b-4248-4be0-a02a-4e7b9fdecf10%2F%25E6%2588%25AA%25E5%259C%2596_2023-09-15_%25E4%25B8%258B%25E5%258D%25882.49.21.png?table=block&amp;id=c47b8b89-53c7-4837-b12b-5a2d829ceca8" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><ol start="1" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-ccdad7e0e73c4542a454bc3a001013f4"><li></li></ol><ol start="2" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-2c0cc5d6ab504a6d9cc2a3b294c22334"><li></li></ol><div class="notion-blank notion-block-3a061b3f10e541a2983f8d8c1fbfa741"> </div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-51ad609b087d43b8b286e75cf47ff4ba" data-id="51ad609b087d43b8b286e75cf47ff4ba"><span><div id="51ad609b087d43b8b286e75cf47ff4ba" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#51ad609b087d43b8b286e75cf47ff4ba" title="阿蛇火燒屁股補充 - 用NOR和NAND來組成其他元件"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">阿蛇火燒屁股補充 - 用NOR和NAND來組成其他元件</span></span></h3><div class="notion-blank notion-block-3a11e118e31d464a87ea85d21c99bad4"> </div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-1d26470fe24d4dcfb8a2e100ad363234"> </div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-9a427f8bca664643954909e68983a6e6" data-id="9a427f8bca664643954909e68983a6e6"><span><div id="9a427f8bca664643954909e68983a6e6" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#9a427f8bca664643954909e68983a6e6" title="用程式寫邏輯電路"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">用程式寫邏輯電路</span></span></h3><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-6d91fbf0753040d1bdc5ad20bf7d8b27"><li>PLD: programmable logic devices

These devices are not like microcomputers or microcontrollers that
“run” the program of instructions. Instead, they are configured electronically,
and their internal circuits are “wired” together electronically to form a logic
circuit. This programmable wiring can be thought of as thousands of connec-
tions that are either connected (1) or not connected (0).</li><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-6d91fbf0753040d1bdc5ad20bf7d8b27"><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-9d5cd58cfedb42dcb1c92937e320271b"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2Fd8b0cec1-984f-4420-b280-4b9552e50135%2F%25E6%2588%25AA%25E5%259C%2596_2023-09-15_%25E4%25B8%258B%25E5%258D%25882.55.45.png?table=block&amp;id=9d5cd58c-fedb-42dc-b1c9-2937e320271b" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure></ul></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-7fa4c242894841b2b7d5dfaa58a11f28"><li>HDL: Hardward describe language，有VHDL和AHDL，用來弄PLD</li></ul><h2 class="notion-h notion-h1 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-9f5ab6287b50441c9edf72c070655a7e" data-id="9f5ab6287b50441c9edf72c070655a7e"><span><div id="9f5ab6287b50441c9edf72c070655a7e" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#9f5ab6287b50441c9edf72c070655a7e" title="Ch4 Combinational Logic Circuits"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">Ch4 Combinational Logic Circuits</span></span></h2><div class="notion-text notion-block-9917e3e844af42579d3be57767fcb3cd">目錄</div><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-7513134e3f48459781a13ac03dd0e3bd"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F59da4f33-b94a-4cf7-b506-298b8c537bc2%2F%25E6%2588%25AA%25E5%259C%2596_2023-09-15_%25E4%25B8%258B%25E5%258D%25882.59.00.png?table=block&amp;id=7513134e-3f48-4597-81a1-3ac03dd0e3bd" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-d0c80a6fae0d4149b498f855474db852" data-id="d0c80a6fae0d4149b498f855474db852"><span><div id="d0c80a6fae0d4149b498f855474db852" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#d0c80a6fae0d4149b498f855474db852" title="簡單帶過的章節"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">簡單帶過的章節</span></span></h3><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-92ca3ede158848c99330cad181c5579d"><li>4-1: 一個form，把電路整理成統一的形式</li><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-92ca3ede158848c99330cad181c5579d"><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-e00822bf6de34f8691cc8e79f6a60e10"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F1b8a2147-a721-4415-84bf-b9fe08abde17%2F%25E6%2588%25AA%25E5%259C%2596_2023-09-15_%25E4%25B8%258B%25E5%258D%25883.01.55.png?table=block&amp;id=e00822bf-6de3-4f86-91cc-8e79f6a60e10" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure></ul></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-856c3590cfe74739aadfbaa4b1299a7d"><li>4-2: Simplfy logic circuits如字面上所說，下面4-3, 4-5分別是兩種實際方法</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-d141ebe582064c1bbc7d734b57d73634"><li>4-4: 把truth table變成邏輯電路</li></ul><details class="notion-toggle notion-block-1d7e76e0cca74f7e8f9bc9b17afce471"><summary>4.4 example</summary><div><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-d6a5c0346e6b42a38fcb04715f561f44"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F84b6e841-aec2-4798-9958-db09282e269a%2FIMG_2511.jpeg?table=block&amp;id=d6a5c034-6e6b-42a3-8fcb-04715f561f44" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-7ea5b5c32d6d47f6b8c3951ca3e59470"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F6403b39f-558e-4e2f-91ed-9f4f2a22dbb6%2FIMG_2512.jpeg?table=block&amp;id=7ea5b5c3-2d6d-47f6-b8c3-951ca3e59470" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure></div></details><div class="notion-blank notion-block-3c8eb7019e5044059b173a0815be0de0"> </div><div class="notion-text notion-block-1fc87ea2fda44e499f29bd95632542cc">k-map的範例</div><div class="notion-row"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="notion-bookmark notion-block-2f15aa7a683f4f23adbc8d6109ed5362" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Enb3C4yZ5rw"><div><div class="notion-bookmark-title">Karnaugh Maps - Example 1</div><div class="notion-bookmark-description">A quick worked example using Karnaugh Maps</div><div class="notion-bookmark-link"><div class="notion-bookmark-link-icon"><img src="https://www.youtube.com/s/desktop/c0b97319/img/favicon_144x144.png" alt="Karnaugh Maps - Example 1" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div><div class="notion-bookmark-link-text">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Enb3C4yZ5rw</div></div></div><div class="notion-bookmark-image"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/Enb3C4yZ5rw/maxresdefault.jpg" alt="Karnaugh Maps - Example 1" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></a></div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-fbafd8d7df0a41a7a67dbc495597a69c" data-id="fbafd8d7df0a41a7a67dbc495597a69c"><span><div id="fbafd8d7df0a41a7a67dbc495597a69c" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#fbafd8d7df0a41a7a67dbc495597a69c" title="Exclusive-OR, NOR"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">Exclusive-OR, NOR</span></span></h3><div class="notion-row notion-block-14adcaaf0f8948b88f7bfc606cccc6e4"><div class="notion-column notion-block-0a46d30b7bf44801883770fa9cbc70f0" style="width:calc((100% - (1 * min(32px, 4vw))) * 0.4375)"><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-1e543f949d02484baae691a7443187e0"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:330px;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2Fb3586161-b3e9-471d-a95a-384a06073cb6%2F%25E6%2588%25AA%25E5%259C%2596_2023-09-15_%25E4%25B8%258B%25E5%258D%25883.08.13.png?table=block&amp;id=1e543f94-9d02-484b-aae6-91a7443187e0" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-text notion-block-a7d69a2f87374eb98af4f3151bf303be">Exclusive-OR</div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-09d00c1e43f7465b9a309a45c4df1033"> </div></div><div class="notion-spacer"></div><div class="notion-column notion-block-0e8c6efe547e422fabcf7dd99ea7c13c" style="width:calc((100% - (1 * min(32px, 4vw))) * 0.5625)"><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-dd4b7cb4d38448808b0c16f493aae66d"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:286px;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F036d2ce1-4d05-4b20-9036-acbf2e07c258%2F%25E6%2588%25AA%25E5%259C%2596_2023-09-15_%25E4%25B8%258B%25E5%258D%25883.08.22.png?table=block&amp;id=dd4b7cb4-d384-4880-8b0c-16f493aae66d" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-text notion-block-85f1848075d3493d9d65ea0f6cd78ed3">Exclusive-NOR</div></div><div class="notion-spacer"></div></div><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-2 notion-block-71c3ddacfc4e47cebd4b0e4a90f2cc52" data-id="71c3ddacfc4e47cebd4b0e4a90f2cc52"><span><div id="71c3ddacfc4e47cebd4b0e4a90f2cc52" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#71c3ddacfc4e47cebd4b0e4a90f2cc52" title="Parity Generator &amp; Checker"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">Parity Generator &amp; Checker</span></span></h4><div class="notion-text notion-block-a7cea3c434ce47aa89394710251f92e2">用 XOR 做出來的，前者是生出奇偶確定碼，後者是確定前者是不是對的</div><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-5bc857ad665e4a05886b67fad742dc29"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F1329f397-5dcb-4a81-8618-018f7ce7cf08%2F%25E6%2588%25AA%25E5%259C%2596_2023-09-15_%25E4%25B8%258B%25E5%258D%25883.12.45.png?table=block&amp;id=5bc857ad-665e-4a05-886b-67fad742dc29" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-7209224dc923470f95ced2d8f3cf85b1" data-id="7209224dc923470f95ced2d8f3cf85b1"><span><div id="7209224dc923470f95ced2d8f3cf85b1" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#7209224dc923470f95ced2d8f3cf85b1" title="Enable/Disable Circuit"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">Enable/Disable Circuit</span></span></h3><div class="notion-text notion-block-3c762f690ddc4b8fac2f288034000662">就想像成控制桿，不是很重要</div><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-4c754e43b1eb4b5e89f0f7f5c8db3eed"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F8fc4122a-ecc2-4308-b039-64a608b4d548%2F%25E6%2588%25AA%25E5%259C%2596_2023-09-15_%25E4%25B8%258B%25E5%258D%25883.14.32.png?table=block&amp;id=4c754e43-b1eb-4b5e-89f0-f7f5c8db3eed" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-3961a00f91f94f52ab36e1c2b3fb783c" data-id="3961a00f91f94f52ab36e1c2b3fb783c"><span><div id="3961a00f91f94f52ab36e1c2b3fb783c" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#3961a00f91f94f52ab36e1c2b3fb783c" title="Basic Characterstics of Legacy Digital ICs"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">Basic Characterstics of Legacy Digital ICs</span></span></h3><div class="notion-text notion-block-2e7c77a7b6b948ed81fbf913e6ff458a">名詞：</div><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-fc611a90ea6f4a0cba605ea59561b738"><li>resistors:電阻</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-aa03fdce3e0647b78fe375be32bb6d83"><li>diodes:二極體</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-63eb9420363746d995951a411a455a8f"><li>transistors fabricated: 晶體製造管</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-66c32bf6a62a4392a88862ed8c89b70b"><li>semiconductor: 半導體</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-10dee0d3971f4504b3ab5469569cde39"><li>substrate: 基質</li></ul><div class="notion-text notion-block-3d0c1d0c9cf947d9a5d992da5c0aefa7">DIP:</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-88945508e72d4fb584087bf34906b689">这个芯片被封装在一个保护性的塑料或陶瓷壳体里，从这个壳体中伸出连接脚，用于将集成电路（IC）连接到其他设备。其中一种比较常见的封装类型是双列直插封装（DIP）。</div><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-d818f522860e43fb9aa09fd2d4209926"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F67c54622-c19c-4815-9173-d9c3c165ff51%2F%25E6%2588%25AA%25E5%259C%2596_2023-09-15_%25E4%25B8%258B%25E5%258D%25883.23.33.png?table=block&amp;id=d818f522-860e-43fb-9aa0-9fd2d4209926" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-text notion-block-b9b8340a5ac24ce899d5e61b6f26c953">IC依照複雜度（一個chip有幾個gate），分成以下的東東</div><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-921f97cd9a5047bf8bfac15c4906f8bf"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F725a2dc8-ef7d-4935-8588-74c0274db9e3%2F%25E6%2588%25AA%25E5%259C%2596_2023-09-15_%25E4%25B8%258B%25E5%258D%25883.25.59.png?table=block&amp;id=921f97cd-9a50-47bf-8bfa-c15c4906f8bf" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-blank notion-block-c746f83fb7a94f7087a64fc551b42a1e"> </div><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-2 notion-block-da1a923d023f470eae1cf8c9e5ab56cd" data-id="da1a923d023f470eae1cf8c9e5ab56cd"><span><div id="da1a923d023f470eae1cf8c9e5ab56cd" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#da1a923d023f470eae1cf8c9e5ab56cd" title="Bipolar 和 Unipolar Digital ICs"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">Bipolar 和 Unipolar Digital ICs</span></span></h4><ol start="1" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-5ab386129b134835b8f2f2f4b71b289c"><li><b>Bipolar Digital ICs</b>: 這些集成電路使用双极型晶体管（Bipolar Junction Transistors, BJT）作為主要的電子元件。BJT晶体管有两种载流子（电子和空穴）参与电流传输，因此被稱為“双极型”。這些IC具有較高的轉換速度，但也會消耗更多的功耗。

代表人： TTL</li></ol><ol start="2" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-f1a1ea7e226349d0bf828be5781a1a9a"><li><b>Unipolar Digital ICs</b>: 這些集成電路主要使用场效应晶体管（Field-Effect Transistors, FET），特別是金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管（MOSFET）作為主要的電子元件。在這種情況下，只有一種載流子（通常是電子）參與電流傳輸，因此被稱為“单极型”。這些IC通常具有較低的功耗但轉換速度可能較慢。

代表人： CMOS</li></ol><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-2 notion-block-4e9fb5d123d74ecf89d7b46da5368f66" data-id="4e9fb5d123d74ecf89d7b46da5368f66"><span><div id="4e9fb5d123d74ecf89d7b46da5368f66" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#4e9fb5d123d74ecf89d7b46da5368f66" title="Logic-Level Voltage Ranges"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">Logic-Level Voltage Ranges</span></span></h4><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-41b860c62be94676af03f06880d18ab5"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F085e7efc-5945-437c-8958-7244f9b77545%2F%25E6%2588%25AA%25E5%259C%2596_2023-09-15_%25E4%25B8%258B%25E5%258D%25883.34.33.png?table=block&amp;id=41b860c6-2be9-4676-af03-f06880d18ab5" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-text notion-block-e3279f5239bf4c0eb0b43b6681aa3af2">如圖，沒啥好說的</div><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-2 notion-block-d98d0560d9e14552b1611e12b337bbfe" data-id="d98d0560d9e14552b1611e12b337bbfe"><span><div id="d98d0560d9e14552b1611e12b337bbfe" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#d98d0560d9e14552b1611e12b337bbfe" title="Floating input"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">Floating input</span></span></h4><div class="notion-text notion-block-98c9c40a2124473db2a6917e6c9926d7">當數字集成電路（Digital IC）的輸入端口未連接（也稱為浮動輸入）時會發生什麼情況</div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-93fffea7f8904971a8990bac7caf1c40"> </div><div class="notion-text notion-block-0c83fc29d24348ee8dca362ccc33894e"><b>對於TTL：</b></div><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-ed0c67eb5a4348d386af3fb5b1738322"><li>一個浮動的TTL輸入會被視為邏輯1（HIGH）。</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-b26c34b994e44bd79afdb4185fa1ec90"><li>雖然這一特點在測試TTL電路時經常被利用，但它不是推薦的做法，因為浮動的TTL輸入非常容易受到噪音信號的干擾，從而可能不利於設備的運行。</li></ul><div class="notion-text notion-block-64e24c971d1645d98f20779a989cbc2c"><b>對於CMOS：</b></div><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-4a0ae3a2fc744486a615d5bb7e257315"><li>如果CMOS輸入浮動，可能會有災難性的後果，包括IC過熱甚至摧毀自身。</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-becad8f281f9488da89191f2343979bd"><li>浮動的CMOS輸入不會測量為特定的直流電壓，而會隨機波動，因為它會捕捉到噪音。</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-4bfa3e100ca542ae915c3d20c0f23a8c"><li>因此，其對輸出的影響是不可預測的，有時會因為捕捉到的噪音而使輸出振盪。</li></ul><div class="notion-text notion-block-011bf72bf4cc4e72b6cab74efc9708f2">另外，許多較為複雜的CMOS ICs內建有減少對開放輸入有任何破壞性反應的可能性的電路。但即使如此，在最終的電路實施中，仍然建議將未使用的輸入連接到HIGH或LOW。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-b17cdeae4a96453f835bc8d7a9ef0c55">總的來說，了解浮動輸入在TTL和CMOS電路中的行為是在故障排除和電路設計時非常有價值的。</div><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-2 notion-block-a32746e15a424c46badc0974063c98ce" data-id="a32746e15a424c46badc0974063c98ce"><span><div id="a32746e15a424c46badc0974063c98ce" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#a32746e15a424c46badc0974063c98ce" title="Logic-Circuit Connection Diagrams
"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title"><b>Logic-Circuit Connection Diagrams
</b></span></span></h4><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-d4c96c1bc8b54e2ba84491a30d187846"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F95e8e8f5-d061-4660-806b-7949ff4c2719%2F%25E6%2588%25AA%25E5%259C%2596_2023-09-15_%25E4%25B8%258B%25E5%258D%25883.43.40.png?table=block&amp;id=d4c96c1b-c8b5-4e2b-a844-91a30d187846" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-d49f40e68fbe45c094cb4b8061fdbd68"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F86a4ad28-8a06-4a9c-a580-78295a77f009%2F%25E6%2588%25AA%25E5%259C%2596_2023-09-15_%25E4%25B8%258B%25E5%258D%25883.44.06.png?table=block&amp;id=d49f40e6-8fbe-45c0-94cb-4b8061fdbd68" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-ab6a8c47691847869ac63dd484e7bfb5" data-id="ab6a8c47691847869ac63dd484e7bfb5"><span><div id="ab6a8c47691847869ac63dd484e7bfb5" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#ab6a8c47691847869ac63dd484e7bfb5" title="TroubleShooting區域 (4-10 - 13)"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">TroubleShooting區域 (4-10 - 13)</span></span></h3><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-f63eea81b83c489ea47b302ed9410f55"><li><b>TROUBLESHOOTING DIGITAL SYSTEMS
</b></li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-13b1c491fa624ac1ba19ef0855114ff8"><li><b>INTERNAL DIGITAL IC FAULTS
</b></li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-7139559356684496854724c50ce5700c"><li><b>EXTERNAL FAULTS
</b></li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-274d54af928f4b24b54717d9fcecb074"><li><b>TROUBLESHOOTING PROTOTYPED CIRCUITS</b></li></ul><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-6e051e9aadb3418a9da6d4b7e0a5bbcf" data-id="6e051e9aadb3418a9da6d4b7e0a5bbcf"><span><div id="6e051e9aadb3418a9da6d4b7e0a5bbcf" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#6e051e9aadb3418a9da6d4b7e0a5bbcf" title="PLD區域"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">PLD區域</span></span></h3><div class="notion-text notion-block-4be66ca657804f318f5907592870b1f1">看起來有一大堆的解釋性文字，有機會找一下影片科普一下</div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-351108be00ef4a12a60661d79dd00548"> </div><h2 class="notion-h notion-h1 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-16aebe6a64094f888f8b899c346f93c3" data-id="16aebe6a64094f888f8b899c346f93c3"><span><div id="16aebe6a64094f888f8b899c346f93c3" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#16aebe6a64094f888f8b899c346f93c3" title="Ch5 Flip-Flops and Related Devices"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">Ch5 Flip-Flops and Related Devices</span></span></h2><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-54d01a4c7151465fa645178f7d09efaa" data-id="54d01a4c7151465fa645178f7d09efaa"><span><div id="54d01a4c7151465fa645178f7d09efaa" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#54d01a4c7151465fa645178f7d09efaa" title="簡介Flip-Flops"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">簡介Flip-Flops</span></span></h3><div class="notion-text notion-block-89fce3975e5c4927bfc3022c374223cd">基本上就是一個電路的記憶體，可以記錄目前的狀態，應用就在RAM上面</div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-0205e6c767f6477e8ac2a768e54ec7de" data-id="0205e6c767f6477e8ac2a768e54ec7de"><span><div id="0205e6c767f6477e8ac2a768e54ec7de" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#0205e6c767f6477e8ac2a768e54ec7de" title="簡單的Flip-Flops(S-R latches)"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">簡單的Flip-Flops(S-R latches)</span></span></h3><div class="notion-text notion-block-93485e0bfea24a39b6f0430ade58ffa5">可以看到是由NAND組成的，我們會叫它NAND Latch</div><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-076c8c8c6e564cb1aaa3ffb2176938ae"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:575px;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F71e319fd-433c-44ee-9887-a5e18ec7a81e%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=076c8c8c-6e56-4cb1-aaa3-ffb2176938ae" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-text notion-block-ce7a6c564429476382444fa5a0a31c48">還有NOR版本</div><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-fed8d0a765574a51b694ab41e860b54e"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F5775bc33-f631-4803-94c2-c77ad79b5c48%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=fed8d0a7-6557-4a51-b694-ab41e860b54e" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-3ec280bfc3bd492ebb0556388d4605e4" data-id="3ec280bfc3bd492ebb0556388d4605e4"><span><div id="3ec280bfc3bd492ebb0556388d4605e4" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#3ec280bfc3bd492ebb0556388d4605e4" title="Digital Pulse(脈衝)"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">Digital Pulse(脈衝)</span></span></h3><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-a26f980c0c504c32a5865e989a958176"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:657px;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F1134db2f-ab56-41b0-8fb0-75a19051f602%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=a26f980c-0c50-4c32-a586-5e989a958176" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-86e12aaa253f4733aad50a90507320bb" data-id="86e12aaa253f4733aad50a90507320bb"><span><div id="86e12aaa253f4733aad50a90507320bb" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#86e12aaa253f4733aad50a90507320bb" title="Clock與它的小夥伴"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">Clock與它的小夥伴</span></span></h3><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-d428d22fe5ad43518b83d909fd2cf796"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:580px;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2Fade93520-64f9-4c94-82ea-adbdd04f658b%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=d428d22f-e5ad-4351-8b83-d909fd2cf796" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-54630736a91e47b0b933e7ed8563dad0"><li>PGT, NGT請參考上圖，一看就懂</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-b027c328354845ecbfcbb4b3c7f0798f"><li>period(T) = seconds/cycle</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-1c71ecf5861542aba4b2ed137557f496"><li>frequency(f) = 1/T，赫茲</li></ul><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-2a23d0905a6c4144bb4af399d0fe5629"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2Fb3b1ae68-17e3-4968-98b7-821185e6b6dd%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=2a23d090-5a6c-4144-bb4a-f399d0fe5629" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-text notion-block-9fac7139ef664c9999c3eed2153e4173">Clock Flip-Flop，多了一個CLK input，並且只有在PGT或NGT讀取Control inputs</div><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-0f1d4cf0e34c4e1bac47dc1a3e16ee5a"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2Fbcf93b43-b897-4ba0-96d8-413aa3da11b0%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=0f1d4cf0-e34c-4e1b-ac47-dc1a3e16ee5a" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-53eecd4f42484bcc8906609278369dab"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F16ca0aa2-3753-4d0b-bd61-b608105f8432%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=53eecd4f-4248-4bcc-8906-609278369dab" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-206ffcd68a4c4e53b4299ac61357a90e" data-id="206ffcd68a4c4e53b4299ac61357a90e"><span><div id="206ffcd68a4c4e53b4299ac61357a90e" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#206ffcd68a4c4e53b4299ac61357a90e" title="Edge-Triggered S-R Flip-Flop"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">Edge-Triggered S-R Flip-Flop</span></span></h3><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-09bde9b2dad7426d9cc6a2794ca6b3c6"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F8053d1f4-f3c3-4dd8-b806-c5864f966545%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=09bde9b2-dad7-426d-9cc6-a2794ca6b3c6" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-row notion-block-792df8edbae846f3b7538b47c0e9a5ec"><div class="notion-column notion-block-925e583a5af846af9808338248990daa" style="width:calc((100% - (1 * min(32px, 4vw))) * 0.5)"><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-30d6ad319b134b24a6716cc23680f878"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F237be669-fefa-4381-bb36-f07313c0b6e9%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=30d6ad31-9b13-4b24-a671-6cc23680f878" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-text notion-block-13a15b6af88742519c5c475c774b63f5"><span class="notion-yellow">增值表</span></div></div><div class="notion-spacer"></div><div class="notion-column notion-block-09dedbb686b64d1bab9ece8ea108a1b5" style="width:calc((100% - (1 * min(32px, 4vw))) * 0.49999999999999994)"><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-7c56ef94ce384e0cbd21336535cafebc"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:689px;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F19b935a8-5c58-4d6a-82bb-8f14d8fbee3c%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=7c56ef94-ce38-4e0c-bd21-336535cafebc" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-text notion-block-c756f798b17c4c6eadcb39e3f82d66e3"><span class="notion-yellow">增值表</span></div></div><div class="notion-spacer"></div></div><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-1715ec4685b74787bed9767248a3c303"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F832f5d7e-a290-41f6-985e-c2f5922b578d%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=1715ec46-85b7-4787-bed9-767248a3c303" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-text notion-block-ef798288ee834d0d8bdf7e8b24e12cf0"><span class="notion-yellow">edge-detecter 本人</span></div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-7d4c0459f165459999d3a8967f049cc5" data-id="7d4c0459f165459999d3a8967f049cc5"><span><div id="7d4c0459f165459999d3a8967f049cc5" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#7d4c0459f165459999d3a8967f049cc5" title="JK filp-flop"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">JK filp-flop</span></span></h3><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-dc49b4cf07f0400a8a709795b41c93e3"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F7ed0bf27-c868-47c2-bfd9-fbf25a57f960%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=dc49b4cf-07f0-400a-8a70-9795b41c93e3" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-text notion-block-33c67e8c84dc4d38bb0ad79c78ec8a3e"><span class="notion-yellow">其中一個動態的Example</span></div><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-2 notion-block-0888999966fb401ba2fb9061b888778d" data-id="0888999966fb401ba2fb9061b888778d"><span><div id="0888999966fb401ba2fb9061b888778d" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#0888999966fb401ba2fb9061b888778d" title="JK觸發器的工作模式："><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title"><b>JK觸發器的工作模式：</b></span></span></h4><ol start="1" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-c099bbddabec45c5b916b84ff6d9ab29"><li><b>Reset（重設）</b>: 當 J=0 和 K=1 時，觸發器的輸出Q會在下一個時鐘邊緣被清除（設為0）。</li></ol><ol start="2" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-3aa3c0345bb54544a967be8a76b1ba41"><li><b>Set（設置）</b>: 當 J=1 和 K=0 時，觸發器的輸出Q會在下一個時鐘邊緣被設置（設為1）。</li></ol><ol start="3" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-cb2fa3218c2e4c85bb7836a4c6578da2"><li><b>Hold（保持）</b>: 當 J=0 和 K=0 時，觸發器的輸出會保持其當前狀態，不進行變化。</li></ol><ol start="4" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-363315d097ea496d953adf45eb6a0be1"><li><b>Toggle（切換）</b>: 當 J=1 和 K=1 時，觸發器的輸出Q會在下一個時鐘邊緣反轉（如果原來是0，就變為1；如果原來是1，就變為0）。</li></ol><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-7bd259f9f80d4f60be2ff1887c88f273"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F95a3c3d7-bc56-4165-8821-b2ba69f290bb%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=7bd259f9-f80d-4f60-be2f-f1887c88f273" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-text notion-block-3853e16e700a4acd8e758a0d828c5c4a"><span class="notion-yellow">詳細電路板本</span></div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-e372fd4b234b4d69a7c39b6e8d1bbb10" data-id="e372fd4b234b4d69a7c39b6e8d1bbb10"><span><div id="e372fd4b234b4d69a7c39b6e8d1bbb10" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#e372fd4b234b4d69a7c39b6e8d1bbb10" title="Flip-Flop的應用們"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">Flip-Flop的應用們</span></span></h3><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-2 notion-block-26a133de6af240d3bc8c236d06aa299c" data-id="26a133de6af240d3bc8c236d06aa299c"><span><div id="26a133de6af240d3bc8c236d06aa299c" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#26a133de6af240d3bc8c236d06aa299c" title="Data Storage &amp; Transfer"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">Data Storage &amp; Transfer</span></span></h4><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-8c9d7362b9604458b6bb526c0db8f232"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:645px;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F53bd6619-a112-4adc-958b-afd1dfa250e4%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=8c9d7362-b960-4458-b6bb-526c0db8f232" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-text notion-block-1b479fb56b634927bfbe89112a8a750b">平行的Transfer</div><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-2 notion-block-e184df404fb144579d9c382ba4cbf811" data-id="e184df404fb144579d9c382ba4cbf811"><span><div id="e184df404fb144579d9c382ba4cbf811" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#e184df404fb144579d9c382ba4cbf811" title="SERIAL DATA TRANSFER: SHIFT REGISTERS"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">SERIAL DATA TRANSFER: SHIFT REGISTERS</span></span></h4><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-66f649e20d6746eeb783b020df9c5205"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2F9839e45d-f9e9-48a2-a004-32a5e894fdb9%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=66f649e2-0d67-46ee-b783-b020df9c5205" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-98c9d42d7cdc48cfb39000e4c14a4da3"><li>可以用來：FREQUENCY DIVISION AND COUNTING</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-a0236876c57c4472a619ddab0250a238"><li>Frequency division example: 石英錶</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-c71e9fa35cde4797945cbeaea68ed33a"><li>Counting: 一個一個數的感覺，數到幾會歸零叫做MOD Number</li></ul><div class="notion-blank notion-block-9fecfadf3e6445d1983d514406a698e6"> </div><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-2 notion-block-611dd981ecd345f4b4afecf3092f7bde" data-id="611dd981ecd345f4b4afecf3092f7bde"><span><div id="611dd981ecd345f4b4afecf3092f7bde" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#611dd981ecd345f4b4afecf3092f7bde" title="Clock Generator Circuit"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">Clock Generator Circuit</span></span></h4><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-26cfd20bf9624f1685272bbcb5eb6403"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fprod-files-secure.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fd0611c32-cbbb-4802-bffe-5d86ea2b8a65%2Fb920b92c-bc75-4dbf-a5fc-daf2be1bdbd1%2FUntitled.png?table=block&amp;id=26cfd20b-f962-4f16-8527-2bbcb5eb6403" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-text notion-block-175ee1fd7eb14cf38c368083bc8c4fca">主要還是要有一個東西負責震盪</div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-ea375b4d80e44f528a5517c70484eb4b"> </div></main></div>]]></content:encoded>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[home_assistant的MQTT設定篇]]></title>
            <link>/article/f7ea4945-4c09-4098-ae2e-c585b557ff8e</link>
            <guid>/article/f7ea4945-4c09-4098-ae2e-c585b557ff8e</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 02 Jul 2021 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <content:encoded><![CDATA[<div id="notion-article" class="mx-auto overflow-hidden "><main class="notion light-mode notion-page notion-block-f7ea49454c094098ae2ec585b557ff8e"><div class="notion-viewport"></div><div class="notion-collection-page-properties"></div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-2d16da46b40a4bc58c55fa39b08ce9aa"> </div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-4a118bc8d8994e869870a37d49a1271e"> </div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-356db63be17c4f3abfc5af1f740c7e7a" data-id="356db63be17c4f3abfc5af1f740c7e7a"><span><div id="356db63be17c4f3abfc5af1f740c7e7a" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#356db63be17c4f3abfc5af1f740c7e7a" title="參考教學"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">參考教學</span></span></h3><div class="notion-text notion-block-0138eeb474b6422cb8fb5e5d7970a5df">當初電燈開關參考的</div><div class="notion-row"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="notion-bookmark notion-block-86283cb7a13b46958f2e462e5470e1db" href="https://www.home-assistant.io/integrations/switch.mqtt/"><div><div class="notion-bookmark-title">MQTT Switch</div><div class="notion-bookmark-description">Instructions on how to integrate MQTT switches into Home Assistant.</div><div class="notion-bookmark-link"><div class="notion-bookmark-link-icon"><img src="https://www.home-assistant.io/images/favicon-192x192.png" alt="MQTT Switch" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div><div class="notion-bookmark-link-text">https://www.home-assistant.io/integrations/switch.mqtt/</div></div></div><div class="notion-bookmark-image"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.home-assistant.io/images/default-social.png" alt="MQTT Switch" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></a></div><div class="notion-text notion-block-976bab7737e0418f8a058475e688f6ed">找到電燈開關教學的地方</div><div class="notion-row"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="notion-bookmark notion-block-31f1b1823f8e411daf2313c2dca7dfa9" href="https://www.home-assistant.io/integrations/mqtt/#sharing-of-device-configuration"><div><div class="notion-bookmark-title">MQTT</div><div class="notion-bookmark-description">Instructions on how to setup MQTT within Home Assistant.</div><div class="notion-bookmark-link"><div class="notion-bookmark-link-icon"><img src="https://www.home-assistant.io/images/favicon-192x192.png" alt="MQTT" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div><div class="notion-bookmark-link-text">https://www.home-assistant.io/integrations/mqtt/#sharing-of-device-configuration</div></div></div><div class="notion-bookmark-image"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.home-assistant.io/images/default-social.png" alt="MQTT" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></a></div><div class="notion-text notion-block-b54efcbe2b0b4473aef995af51a47fc5">最需要看的地方</div><div class="notion-row"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="notion-bookmark notion-block-f3ff232a574242abad40c835bf669d94" href="https://www.home-assistant.io/integrations/#search/mqtt"><div><div class="notion-bookmark-title">Integrations</div><div class="notion-bookmark-description">List of the built-in integrations of Home Assistant.</div><div class="notion-bookmark-link"><div class="notion-bookmark-link-icon"><img src="https://www.home-assistant.io/images/favicon-192x192.png" alt="Integrations" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div><div class="notion-bookmark-link-text">https://www.home-assistant.io/integrations/#search/mqtt</div></div></div><div class="notion-bookmark-image"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.home-assistant.io/images/default-social.png" alt="Integrations" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></a></div><div class="notion-text notion-block-9ca9cde9188e43bd9dcf2af4d4be33dc">目前有看</div><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-8cf11ed359db45449574e97f689b8fd7"><li>Switch</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-8f90b708be3043909a1eba77a0f62563"><li>Number</li></ul><div class="notion-blank notion-block-56ab5415863046839fd22ab18b5472c9"> </div></main></div>]]></content:encoded>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[簡單上手home_assistant]]></title>
            <link>/article/6c12e425-1c11-4eb2-ac07-b33194d0deb2</link>
            <guid>/article/6c12e425-1c11-4eb2-ac07-b33194d0deb2</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 02 Jul 2021 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <content:encoded><![CDATA[<div id="notion-article" class="mx-auto overflow-hidden "><main class="notion light-mode notion-page notion-block-6c12e4251c114eb2ac07b33194d0deb2"><div class="notion-viewport"></div><div class="notion-collection-page-properties"></div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-ec235f15506c42ee9cec32344e81a91e" data-id="ec235f15506c42ee9cec32344e81a91e"><span><div id="ec235f15506c42ee9cec32344e81a91e" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#ec235f15506c42ee9cec32344e81a91e" title="目標："><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">目標：</span></span></h3><ol start="1" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-be27b2ce8c814e4296c75f13de66d11a"><li>使用docker-compose把home assistant架起來</li></ol><ol start="2" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-0ec39bc4cfbd415698b92b7343a16abe"><li>使用MQTT為主，跟裝置們溝通</li></ol><ol start="3" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-8bb45f6b4a164c2c8b3a5d12ed730fa3"><li>以ESP32以及micropython當作範例</li></ol><div class="notion-blank notion-block-fd8679c2b80f44e9bd6cd1393e299e1a"> </div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-ded6076cb3b64640b9b4d6496cf63630" data-id="ded6076cb3b64640b9b4d6496cf63630"><span><div id="ded6076cb3b64640b9b4d6496cf63630" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#ded6076cb3b64640b9b4d6496cf63630" title="安裝home assistant"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">安裝home assistant</span></span></h3><div class="notion-text notion-block-b06b21a99ee84900a67546a26033bc6f">使用以下的docker-compose並且建立一個config資料夾</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-61d8a412754743ad85f31ba2f61ac278">因為我們 network_mode使用host，因此port之類的不用設定，預設會開在8123</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-eff28502801046c2b528aa1a3bdf85dc">docker-compose up -d 之後，進到 localhost:8123去進行第一次的使用者設定</div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-e0b7662f0a77402d9b87290b135a8a46"> </div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-f54eee23132c4c7d9ef96461adb54e6f" data-id="f54eee23132c4c7d9ef96461adb54e6f"><span><div id="f54eee23132c4c7d9ef96461adb54e6f" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#f54eee23132c4c7d9ef96461adb54e6f" title="安裝mqtt"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">安裝mqtt</span></span></h3><div class="notion-text notion-block-35a67835490a4290b27bf370adf0cd1a">也是使用docker-compose完事</div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-1b07cab7aceb48ffa53fa7dc1c60e206"> </div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-57d4c507701747d6bfcd316204402e53" data-id="57d4c507701747d6bfcd316204402e53"><span><div id="57d4c507701747d6bfcd316204402e53" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#57d4c507701747d6bfcd316204402e53" title="使用micro-python，訂閱mqtt主題"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">使用micro-python，訂閱mqtt主題</span></span></h3><div class="notion-text notion-block-c6763d1d6f7e42e89b474e14307defc3">在這邊，我們假設ESP32控制一個電燈，而它會依照mqtt收到的指令去做事</div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-0424f7ffecdd451789f2d7a6c4ead6fe"> </div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-f3144b80b4534dbfab60068ca1a07bec" data-id="f3144b80b4534dbfab60068ca1a07bec"><span><div id="f3144b80b4534dbfab60068ca1a07bec" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#f3144b80b4534dbfab60068ca1a07bec" title="在home-assistant設定MQTT 以及開啟一個 panel"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">在home-assistant設定MQTT 以及開啟一個 panel</span></span></h3><div class="notion-blank notion-block-257dc6b294d1486eb6a3cee7c0cf0121"> </div><div class="notion-text notion-block-2202d70becb84dc189d448371f1c31bf">進去mqtt首頁</div><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-a63d3711b8b2472589d39ebb5d89e442"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fs3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fsecure.notion-static.com%2F2e798b9e-8689-4856-b55c-fd0a271b588e%2F%25E6%2588%25AA%25E5%259C%2596_2023-08-31_%25E4%25B8%258A%25E5%258D%258810.45.43.png?table=block&amp;id=a63d3711-b8b2-4725-89d3-9ebb5d89e442" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-text notion-block-6e91e26ea0594151922ab848ffab31a0">點擊設定</div><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-69587264d38d483b958154e81d9a27ff"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fs3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fsecure.notion-static.com%2F73c3380b-188d-41e3-a9a2-d7075b06cf72%2F%25E6%2588%25AA%25E5%259C%2596_2023-08-31_%25E4%25B8%258A%25E5%258D%258810.45.54.png?table=block&amp;id=69587264-d38d-483b-9581-54e81d9a27ff" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-text notion-block-e793ad743a9049c086e5376ce47e2615">裝置與服務</div><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-d59896c0fa1843c4a4a49613d6c75ced"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fs3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fsecure.notion-static.com%2Fbc0d249e-a09e-4ecc-87c7-9a7e99002ee1%2F%25E6%2588%25AA%25E5%259C%2596_2023-08-31_%25E4%25B8%258A%25E5%258D%258810.46.11.png?table=block&amp;id=d59896c0-fa18-43c4-a4a4-9613d6c75ced" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-text notion-block-fc785fb9b55547d885210c86045cfc5c">新增整合 mqtt</div><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-125ef325bba9479bbc4789e777ba33c5"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fs3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fsecure.notion-static.com%2F3b0b477d-b0cd-460e-a548-190dae4ded44%2F%25E6%2588%25AA%25E5%259C%2596_2023-08-31_%25E4%25B8%258A%25E5%258D%258810.46.33.png?table=block&amp;id=125ef325-bba9-479b-bc47-89e777ba33c5" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-text notion-block-9729a38eb6264d50841551d9ec23c365">點進去之後像個人一樣把資訊輸入</div><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-ad5807bd35e4445b980fa09ff45b008a" data-id="ad5807bd35e4445b980fa09ff45b008a"><span><div id="ad5807bd35e4445b980fa09ff45b008a" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#ad5807bd35e4445b980fa09ff45b008a" title="設定開關panel"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">設定開關panel</span></span></h4><div class="notion-text notion-block-074780da8d474f4cace34e1f670b7787">接著關閉docker-compose</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-adb8a50ed8e64346a487ee3d873ce3b7">在掛載出來的volumn找 config/configuration.yaml加上</div><div class="notion-callout notion-gray_background_co notion-block-c562f6327d204a6ab1cab9ce9d35e8da"><div class="notion-page-icon-inline notion-page-icon-span"><span class="notion-page-icon" role="img" aria-label="💡">💡</span></div><div class="notion-callout-text">注意，請不要一開始就把configuration全部只剩這個，打開home assistant會失敗</div></div><div class="notion-text notion-block-9d992c63e2a6498f8e6e11e3b16d02d9">最後出現開關代表成功 ：）</div><figure class="notion-asset-wrapper notion-asset-wrapper-image notion-block-1c63007242eb4e47a633d1e2ba26fb3c"><div style="position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-self:center;width:100%;max-width:100%;flex-direction:column;height:100%"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://www.notion.so/image/https%3A%2F%2Fs3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com%2Fsecure.notion-static.com%2F423809b3-d741-40bf-a3ae-ad03f7b20e83%2F%25E6%2588%25AA%25E5%259C%2596_2023-08-31_%25E4%25B8%258A%25E5%258D%258810.48.52.png?table=block&amp;id=1c630072-42eb-4e47-a633-d1e2ba26fb3c" alt="notion image" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></figure><div class="notion-blank notion-block-3139f1be3a4e4cf8b69cbc108605323d"> </div></main></div>]]></content:encoded>
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            <title><![CDATA[“部署” ML]]></title>
            <link>/article/6fcd0e43-9dc5-4105-bdce-710cf2f21679</link>
            <guid>/article/6fcd0e43-9dc5-4105-bdce-710cf2f21679</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 01 Sep 2023 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <content:encoded><![CDATA[<div id="notion-article" class="mx-auto overflow-hidden "><main class="notion light-mode notion-page notion-block-6fcd0e439dc54105bdce710cf2f21679"><div class="notion-viewport"></div><div class="notion-collection-page-properties"></div><div class="notion-table-of-contents notion-gray notion-block-8bb69f975f524c1ebc348bf9b9e391cf"><a href="#538e76aec10c47159cade6fe74651007" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:0">本篇文章取用說明</span></a><a href="#741cf573507b4ee19a924740a0668107" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:24px">前言</span></a><a href="#a9afd9c74e6c43859b14c5061d3c7c0d" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:0">關於部署的定義</span></a><a href="#f8fe52773a624610ae2313cfa2e566b9" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:0">GPT建議區: 平台的選擇</span></a><a href="#9e4022b9c33c4ad780bb66b720cc8a05" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:24px">ML flow 的更多資訊</span></a><a href="#8d1324358ded4acb9c8dce522b656364" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:24px">Wandb vs MLflow</span></a><a href="#38cd9b710d6b4adfb1a737db61192dff" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:0">Wandb 本地部屬的範例(GPT給的，超級不建議直接拿來用，三思)</span></a><a href="#a46c84c36f884785844faf75d0c4ebda" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:24px">不建議使用的原因</span></a><a href="#aee1b8113ddd4855b152ad22ffb91bcc" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:24px">GPT詳細給了什麼</span></a><a href="#ed1e25c9ef194240bbf3f58101d9f6ad" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:0">可以延伸探討的部分</span></a></div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-53746067a0c84ca4bc092cd00b28ca64"> </div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-538e76aec10c47159cade6fe74651007" data-id="538e76aec10c47159cade6fe74651007"><span><div id="538e76aec10c47159cade6fe74651007" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#538e76aec10c47159cade6fe74651007" title="本篇文章取用說明"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">本篇文章取用說明</span></span></h3><div class="notion-text notion-block-17ebf487fc66436996e9389458d3af6b">本篇主要是『思路』的紀錄，也就是當我們遇到『部署』這個問題，我們要注意一些什麼，哪些可能是一個可能的路徑，請不要當作教學把它讀完，Wandb部分更建議去讀官方的文檔，此篇更希望的是了解</div><ol start="1" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-720b566113514b7e98fd174ab3a493b2"><li>什麼是部署ML</li></ol><ol start="2" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-a69d5b23e2714b6b8edd3204bde27a21"><li>Wandb可能有哪些component可以去研究的</li></ol><ol start="3" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-9ba9cf84a33e419b90e57588a9040b48"><li>Wandb不足之處</li></ol><div class="notion-blank notion-block-1ec2e5fc4ac84387b7ed1e963e6d4a50"> </div><div class="notion-text notion-block-158769d8d6ef4e0d8134100fb39ce25d">不過雖然如此，這篇文章可以帶給你什麼？為什麼我們需要看這樣一篇『不完整』的紀錄</div><ol start="1" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-0bd209fd97264574ac35f55f9d29b6be"><li>對於『部署』ML這個議題，你可以有更多的切入點</li></ol><ol start="2" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-e892d4a1e397472194efcb327add7db7"><li>不用一次突然要把wandb搞懂，有個fu更重要，並且壓力不會太大</li></ol><ol start="3" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-65c79ae12d8344e08d0207e272f22564"><li>釐清好自己的需求，不要盲目學東西</li></ol><div class="notion-blank notion-block-a63aa3e2f8b54f0cb40791cedfeabf3a"> </div><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-741cf573507b4ee19a924740a0668107" data-id="741cf573507b4ee19a924740a0668107"><span><div id="741cf573507b4ee19a924740a0668107" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#741cf573507b4ee19a924740a0668107" title="前言"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">前言</span></span></h4><div class="notion-text notion-block-792a6c9bdb3f4978a09f79f956de9b6f">在實驗的部分，Wandb感覺很好的滿足了我們要的東西，但在部屬的部分，似乎就不是Wandb的天下，當然有簡單的驗證結果，但是整套的可能沒那麼厲害</div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-e47c5c7497d74c0383e3fce263322bf7"> </div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-a9afd9c74e6c43859b14c5061d3c7c0d" data-id="a9afd9c74e6c43859b14c5061d3c7c0d"><span><div id="a9afd9c74e6c43859b14c5061d3c7c0d" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#a9afd9c74e6c43859b14c5061d3c7c0d" title="關於部署的定義"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">關於部署的定義</span></span></h3><div class="notion-text notion-block-0e58224a36cd4bd4be68aa1a0138a989">對於&quot;部署&quot;（Deployment）的概念，其實涵蓋範疇比較廣泛，並且具體的定義可能會根據不同的背景和需求有所變化。在機器學習的背景下，&quot;部署&quot;通常指的是將訓練好的模型整合到一個生產環境中，以便能在實際的業務流程中使用。這可能包括將模型轉化為一種可以在特定硬體或軟體環境下運行的格式，並且建立一個能讓其他系統或者用戶使用模型的接口。例如，你可能需要將你的模型轉化為一個 REST API 服務，以便其他的應用或者服務可以通過網路來使用你的模型。或者，你可能需要將你的模型轉化為一種可以在移動設備上運行的格式，以便在一個移動應用中使用。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-976fa419ca034d798f1f676d42a33b49">你在 Python 中運行你的模型並且得到預測結果的過程，可以被看作是一種 &quot;本地部署&quot; 或者 &quot;測試部署&quot;，因為你在本地的環境中直接運行了你的模型。然而，在生產環境中，你可能需要考慮更多的問題，例如如何在多個用戶或者請求之間共享你的模型的資源，如何確保你的模型的性能和可用性，以及如何保護你的模型的安全等等。</div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-7f54d489b56e45d8ab86c3d85d1064fe"> </div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-f8fe52773a624610ae2313cfa2e566b9" data-id="f8fe52773a624610ae2313cfa2e566b9"><span><div id="f8fe52773a624610ae2313cfa2e566b9" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#f8fe52773a624610ae2313cfa2e566b9" title="GPT建議區: 平台的選擇"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">GPT建議區: 平台的選擇</span></span></h3><div class="notion-text notion-block-0bad13586f8c4b25874775de6c051951">確實有一些工具和平台提供了整套的機器學習系統部署方案，幫助用戶從模型開發到部署，再到監控和維護等全流程的工作。以下是一些你可以考慮的選擇：</div><ol start="1" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-73c1be23742e4a6b84c977ab3acaafc4"><li><b>TensorFlow Extended (TFX)</b>：這是一個由 Google 提供的用於生產環境的端到端平台，它提供了一整套工具包括數據驗證、預處理、模型訓練、驗證、部署以及模型監控等。</li></ol><ol start="2" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-5cc5105367644296b3f4d5ebadd8083f"><li><b>MLflow</b>：這是一個開源平台，旨在管理整個機器學習生命週期，包括實驗跟蹤、包裝代碼成可重用的模型，以及在生產環境中部署模型。</li></ol><ol start="3" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-48d230979e784f61b0e3694f4cc06847"><li><b>Seldon Core</b>：這是一個開源平台，專為在 Kubernetes 上部署機器學習模型而設計。Seldon Core 提供了一種統一的方式來部署、擴展、監控和管理你的模型。</li></ol><ol start="4" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-de0460f45f144107ae1574ded1485142"><li><b>Kubeflow</b>：這是一個由 Google 開發的，專為 Kubernetes 設計的開源機器學習平台。Kubeflow 的目標是使得在 Kubernetes 上部署機器學習工作負載變得簡單、可攜和可擴展。</li></ol><div class="notion-text notion-block-0e7a462fe24b45bcb3dd546de1ade02a">以上各個工具和平台各有特點，需要根據具體的需求和環境來選擇適合的工具。你可以根據自己的具體需求以及團隊的技術能力來選擇最合適的工具。</div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-bb358613232a4adc958ec411af1ed095"> </div><div class="notion-text notion-block-249dc7a86f014a06980dccc23041d334">不過1只能用tensorflow，3,4 都要用到k8s，因此先來觀察一下2</div><details class="notion-toggle notion-block-d7eac8fb4d894518b33a07bc2ce202b4"><summary>詳細詢問區</summary><div><div class="notion-text notion-block-a4094e9a64234774962dd999beb601dc">當然，以下是對上述四種機器學習平台的詳細介紹：</div><ol start="1" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-ec4ee9818fd240459f06f8ea21e8ef4f"><li><b>TensorFlow Extended (TFX)</b></li><ol class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-ec4ee9818fd240459f06f8ea21e8ef4f"><div class="notion-text notion-block-5892cdd4049e486fb2e6892a71289c21">TensorFlow Extended (TFX) 是 Google 開發的一種端到端的機器學習平台，它提供了一套完整的流程，從數據驗證與預處理，到模型訓練與驗證，最後到模型部署與監控。TFX 的主要特點是其深度集成 TensorFlow，並提供了豐富的工具以支援大規模的機器學習應用。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-caaeb129a9564e15b5ed07b496e7e1d4">TFX 的強項在於其完整性和大規模的支援。然而，TFX 對 TensorFlow 的深度集成也是其弱點之一，如果你的模型並非使用 TensorFlow 構建，那麼使用 TFX 可能就會比較困難。另一個弱點是，TFX 可能過於複雜對於小規模的項目或者初學者。</div></ol></ol><ol start="2" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-26e0608f2e3a4f229d574307d3ec1613"><li><b>MLflow</b></li><ol class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-26e0608f2e3a4f229d574307d3ec1613"><div class="notion-text notion-block-ca2473d2eae34cf49c51a9d00802b524">MLflow 是由 Databricks 開源的一個機器學習生命週期管理平台。MLflow 提供了實驗跟蹤，模型註冊，模型打包和部署等一系列功能。MLflow 的主要特點是其簡單和靈活，它支援各種主流的機器學習庫，並且可以輕鬆集成到現有的工作流程中。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-3a5a9f1fce704f019308a6a399652772">MLflow 的弱點可能在於其相對於其他平台來說較為基本的功能。對於一些更複雜或者特殊的需求，MLflow 可能無法直接支援。</div></ol></ol><ol start="3" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-5623859d580c465f8fd2b2dab5cec5dc"><li><b>Seldon Core</b></li><ol class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-5623859d580c465f8fd2b2dab5cec5dc"><div class="notion-text notion-block-8ca2acdff2d44833b831a5fe8977f0a9">Seldon Core 是一個開源的機器學習部署平台，專為在 Kubernetes 上運行而設計。Seldon Core 提供了一種統一的方式來部署、擴展、監控和管理你的模型，並且支援多種不同的機器學習框架。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-ba688903c1494d1aac6d944ee48dc3e9">Seldon Core 的強項在於其對 Kubernetes 的完整支援和擴展性，如果你已經在使用 Kubernetes，那麼使用 Seldon Core 可能會非常方便。然而，Seldon Core 的弱點是其對 Kubernetes 的依賴性，如果你不打算使用 Kubernetes，那麼 Seldon Core 可能就不是一個好的選擇。</div></ol></ol><ol start="4" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-221542cc70cd4977b19785aa6df07692"><li><b>Kubeflow</b></li><ol class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-221542cc70cd4977b19785aa6df07692"><div class="notion-text notion-block-71eee742d64b415e854d1ab3b53768e3">Kubeflow 是一個由 Google 開發的，專為 Kubernetes 設計的開源機器學習平台。Kubeflow 提供了一個完整的機器學習工作流程，包括數據預處理，模型訓練，模型調整，以及模型部署等。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-a315772ff4bc4f1aae393c9274585c9a">Kubeflow 的強項是其對 Kubernetes 的深度集成和完整的工作流程支援，這使得在 Kubernetes 上進行大規模的機器學習變得簡單。然而，Kubeflow 的弱點與 Seldon Core 相同，那就是其對 Kubernetes 的依賴性，如果你不打算使用 Kubernetes，那麼 Kubeflow 可能就不是一個好的選擇。</div></ol></ol><div class="notion-text notion-block-ce0b4f59d487472d899da9f2f859dc1b">以上四個工具都有其各自的特色，選擇哪一個最合適取決於你的具體需求和使用的技術棧。</div></div></details><div class="notion-blank notion-block-b29b56ecddda49c79fd241cb2ce7563e"> </div><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-9e4022b9c33c4ad780bb66b720cc8a05" data-id="9e4022b9c33c4ad780bb66b720cc8a05"><span><div id="9e4022b9c33c4ad780bb66b720cc8a05" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#9e4022b9c33c4ad780bb66b720cc8a05" title="ML flow 的更多資訊"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">ML flow 的更多資訊</span></span></h4><div class="notion-text notion-block-5b47e773b0aa4982a76cd33d16e0fb9e">MLflow 是一個開源平台，由 Databricks 在 2018 年開發並開源。Databricks 是一家由創建 Apache Spark 的原創團隊所創立的公司，他們專注於大數據和機器學習解決方案。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-e5684f2d198d45b2955e6d00eea2770f">MLflow 的目標是簡化<span class="notion-red">機器學習</span>的工作流程，並使其在多種環境中可重複使用。該平台旨在實現這一目標，主要提供以下四個主要組件：</div><ol start="1" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-cf40eb4a89a64eb9bebe990ab9271231"><li><b>MLflow Tracking</b>：提供了一種 API 和 UI 來記錄、查詢和可視化機器學習實驗。可以記錄參數、指標、標籤、工件、來源代碼和其他相關數據。</li></ol><ol start="2" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-874f8187b9044784a7d9f7b7526ab50a"><li><b>MLflow Projects</b>：是一種碼包格式，提供了一種標準化方式來分享可重現的機器學習代碼。每個專案都定義了其代碼需要的環境，以及如何在數據上運行代碼。</li></ol><ol start="3" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-947d1a3b04c84d25a98e5945b97a84ae"><li><b>MLflow Models</b>：是一種標準化格式，用於打包機器學習模型，這些模型可以使用多種工具創建，並且可以在各種平台上部署。</li></ol><ol start="4" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-1d6f7420b85d4423bcc540de70d27d81"><li><b>Model Registry</b>：是一個中央模型存儲庫，提供了一個機制，可以管理模型的完整生命周期，包括模型版本控制、模型階段管理（如驗證、生產等）以及模型批准和部署流程。</li></ol><div class="notion-text notion-block-d60a75184ae14ecd8cbb814d5aecf3a3">由於 MLflow 的開放性和彈性，它已被廣泛應用在許多不同的場景和領域。比如，Uber 使用 MLflow 來管理他們的數千個模型和數百萬次的模型訓練過程。Comcast 也使用 MLflow 來提供內部的模型服務平台。除此之外，許多其他的公司，包括微軟、Netflix、和 Airbnb 等也在他們的機器學習工作流程中使用 MLflow。</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-3536ef3eb9db4ee8a1996dc177461afc">在開源社區，MLflow 也獲得了廣泛的認可和支援。它已經有超過 200 萬次的下載，並且有超過 200 個貢獻者。此外，MLflow 也在持續的進行開發和改進，並且已經成為了 Linux 基金會的一部分，這也代表了它在未來將繼續得到支援並發展。</div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-e4c58fce40c64c03a58a36300549a966"> </div><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-8d1324358ded4acb9c8dce522b656364" data-id="8d1324358ded4acb9c8dce522b656364"><span><div id="8d1324358ded4acb9c8dce522b656364" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#8d1324358ded4acb9c8dce522b656364" title="Wandb vs MLflow"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">Wandb vs MLflow</span></span></h4><div class="notion-text notion-block-7c8235af8ead479dae00ce2a7e3add8c">當然，以下是對 MLflow 和 Weights &amp; Biases (WandB) 兩個平台的比較：</div><ol start="1" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-715c56855e9e4848b27054bd6fbba712"><li><b>開源與商業支援</b>：</li><ol class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-715c56855e9e4848b27054bd6fbba712"><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-07059059cd954583b849307c5a22dfbf"><li>MLflow 是一個完全開源的平台，由 Databricks 維護，並且有一個活躍的開源社區參與其中。你可以在自己的硬體上自由地部署和使用 MLflow，而無需擔心任何的使用費用。</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-0f852ef5d9b64a8693f705c2c073c534"><li>Weights &amp; Biases 是一個商業產品，但它提供了一個免費的版本，並且對於學術研究也提供了免費的使用方案。對於進階的功能，例如團隊協作、大規模的實驗跟蹤等，你需要購買他們的企業版。</li></ul></ol></ol><ol start="2" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-e19deee699684969beeeaf6db8689f46"><li><b>集成與兼容性</b>：</li><ol class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-e19deee699684969beeeaf6db8689f46"><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-87845892c4e24bd39784fc404390ce73"><li>MLflow 設計為可以輕鬆地與各種現有的機器學習工具和框架集成。它不直接提供模型訓練或評估的功能，而是集中於實驗跟蹤和模型管理。因此，你可以用你選擇的任何工具來訓練你的模型，然後用 MLflow 來跟蹤和管理你的實驗。</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-4c32a3da5c7a45a587c218e9949937ed"><li>Weights &amp; Biases 也支援各種主流的機器學習框架，包括 TensorFlow、PyTorch、Keras 等。除了基本的實驗跟蹤功能外，它還提供了一些額外的功能，例如實時視覺化、模型版本控制等。</li></ul></ol></ol><ol start="3" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-baa9c4cecaf34712bdb652b15cb5d996"><li><b>功能與易用性</b>：</li><ol class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-baa9c4cecaf34712bdb652b15cb5d996"><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-3bc7b1198d5142deb704fae1c441afdd"><li>MLflow 提供了一個基礎的界面來跟蹤實驗，但它的主要功能是透過編程API來使用。你需要在你的代碼中顯式地添加跟蹤語句，然後 MLflow 將會自動收集並存儲這些數據。MLflow 提供了一些進階的功能，如模型註冊和部署，但這些可能需要一些額外的配置和安裝。</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-9f289a9ecee949eebec737cb6df9b383"><li>Weights &amp; Biases 的界面設計得更加現代和直觀。你可以在他們的網站上直接查看和比較你的實驗結果，並且可以輕鬆地分享你的結果和模型。他們也提供一些進階的功能，例如超參數優化、模型版本控制等。</li></ul></ol></ol><div class="notion-text notion-block-24cfc07bee13440590e2f239f8310eab">總的來說，MLflow 和 Weights &amp; Biases 都是強大的機器學習實驗管理工具，但它們在設計哲學和功能上有一些區別。你應該根據你的需求和偏好來選擇最合適的工具。</div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-2e27dbc473e246f69e13038c194e5585"> </div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-c778f4040df44997aa67a2968ffd1f4e"> </div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-38cd9b710d6b4adfb1a737db61192dff" data-id="38cd9b710d6b4adfb1a737db61192dff"><span><div id="38cd9b710d6b4adfb1a737db61192dff" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#38cd9b710d6b4adfb1a737db61192dff" title="Wandb 本地部屬的範例(GPT給的，超級不建議直接拿來用，三思)"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">Wandb 本地部屬的範例(GPT給的，超級不建議直接拿來用，三思)</span></span></h3><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-a46c84c36f884785844faf75d0c4ebda" data-id="a46c84c36f884785844faf75d0c4ebda"><span><div id="a46c84c36f884785844faf75d0c4ebda" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#a46c84c36f884785844faf75d0c4ebda" title="不建議使用的原因"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">不建議使用的原因</span></span></h4><ol start="1" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-c4c58f039bdd416ebcaa4cd2d12ccd15"><li>使用wandb的一些component具體有什麼好功能，以下的程式感受不到（例如Artifact有什麼其他的庫功能，run.log的方法，init搭配with的寫法）</li></ol><ol start="2" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-03d21eaf0743427483fcaf45afde4b43"><li>非常的special case，也是接續第一點，因為你不知道其他component的更好用法</li></ol><div class="notion-blank notion-block-82275fdce5974d54aa04db24c626f12f"> </div><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-aee1b8113ddd4855b152ad22ffb91bcc" data-id="aee1b8113ddd4855b152ad22ffb91bcc"><span><div id="aee1b8113ddd4855b152ad22ffb91bcc" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#aee1b8113ddd4855b152ad22ffb91bcc" title="GPT詳細給了什麼"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">GPT詳細給了什麼</span></span></h4><div class="notion-text notion-block-a7a2b1ea7e3240aa9995d551e0e85be5">以下是使用 TensorFlow 在 Weights &amp; Biases (WandB) 使用 Artifacts 的完整程式碼範例：</div><ol start="1" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-982a626b5a3e4239a1ed096f2eb39715"><li>把我想要預測的數據集的metadata建立一個新的artifact</li></ol><ol start="2" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-be9c5c734e634b8293ffba7eaef68427"><li>抓取以前訓練好的model參數</li></ol><ol start="3" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-555762a9f6b14cb8b00ca799cae13d7d"><li>建立一個新的artifact，去紀錄剛剛的數據集跑進model的預測結果</li></ol><div class="notion-blank notion-block-052da014d5194d45adc114762c86bfe9"> </div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-ed1e25c9ef194240bbf3f58101d9f6ad" data-id="ed1e25c9ef194240bbf3f58101d9f6ad"><span><div id="ed1e25c9ef194240bbf3f58101d9f6ad" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#ed1e25c9ef194240bbf3f58101d9f6ad" title="可以延伸探討的部分"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">可以延伸探討的部分</span></span></h3><ol start="1" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-7c8c35157a0a4bd791f4d88f738c9c8e"><li>RestAPI是什麼，為什麼對於ML的部屬那麼重要</li></ol><ol start="2" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-ef6f1f42a48e4b8d91f2b42ed85c2137"><li>MLflow試用，更了解ML部屬的概念</li></ol><ol start="3" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-682f265bf3a64628abc9141280f2a120"><li>實作這個部屬流程</li></ol><div class="notion-blank notion-block-3a3941f28f904b02add571596cf1f18f"> </div></main></div>]]></content:encoded>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[NAS方案探討]]></title>
            <link>/article/0c4463c8-31f6-48a7-bfb6-dfcc1da82681</link>
            <guid>/article/0c4463c8-31f6-48a7-bfb6-dfcc1da82681</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 02 Jul 2021 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate>
            <content:encoded><![CDATA[<div id="notion-article" class="mx-auto overflow-hidden "><main class="notion light-mode notion-page notion-block-0c4463c831f648a7bfb6dfcc1da82681"><div class="notion-viewport"></div><div class="notion-collection-page-properties"></div><div class="notion-table-of-contents notion-gray notion-block-ed8eba9d80b94dba8e2b821543f67547"><a href="#33c41b6a5e414fa4bb11c5d82eec037b" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:0">前言</span></a><a href="#10e754cacd2042b29e14544e4fae295a" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:0">什麼是NAS</span></a><a href="#cfab6f0849284c819569eca4d38f16f4" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:0">協定</span></a><a href="#8587d32957b4441aa216c29ba01ae504" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:0">目前主流方案</span></a><a href="#8bb6ba1b8583491e95aa202d8da18e50" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:24px">目前試過的方案</span></a><a href="#521df446fc3748d2b628b85756955b96" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:48px">使用Sanba</span></a><a href="#b9be98f4066d472ca247706a717cf014" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:48px">使用Windows共享資料夾</span></a><a href="#9e403d05da5242569704e22df3344c4e" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:24px">使用Docker + next-cloud</span></a><a href="#78c40c5c03474ac6accce43f9e5dbd8d" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:0">使用NAS會去思考的問題</span></a><a href="#ecbf2bbef5f94fae9998715f798603b3" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:24px">成本</span></a><a href="#2ce47e794b7b4c24b833f420cf96562c" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:24px">停電</span></a><a href="#e54152dbc941452b8c3caefc137c30c4" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:24px">備份</span></a><a href="#a314b2783c124186a5dea2420a397ec7" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:24px">儲存空間</span></a><a href="#7c1926ba258945b4a7628d2132d29189" class="notion-table-of-contents-item"><span class="notion-table-of-contents-item-body" style="display:inline-block;margin-left:24px">資安</span></a></div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-33c41b6a5e414fa4bb11c5d82eec037b" data-id="33c41b6a5e414fa4bb11c5d82eec037b"><span><div id="33c41b6a5e414fa4bb11c5d82eec037b" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#33c41b6a5e414fa4bb11c5d82eec037b" title="前言"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">前言</span></span></h3><div class="notion-text notion-block-9b79892655c747b8bf9088d35de59476">本篇不會有超級深入的設定或者是NAS的架構整理，主要就是去思考，具體什麼是NAS，可以選擇的方案，具體其他介紹到多細，相信看目錄可以了解更快</div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-0a0747a8742d488aa46dc6a4c392c614"> </div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-10e754cacd2042b29e14544e4fae295a" data-id="10e754cacd2042b29e14544e4fae295a"><span><div id="10e754cacd2042b29e14544e4fae295a" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#10e754cacd2042b29e14544e4fae295a" title="什麼是NAS"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">什麼是NAS</span></span></h3><div class="notion-blank notion-block-04ef4c5c56534939a855d62c73c373fd"> </div><div class="notion-text notion-block-424ad27b694e4e4589fbefd86df986e6">本質上就是：使用網路來儲存檔案的設備</div><div class="notion-row"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="notion-bookmark notion-block-150cac9162af462590cb75f2ebf4e1be" href="https://chat.openai.com/share/2583a12a-8d30-4aea-ba0c-71ecf1e41e05"><div><div class="notion-bookmark-title">ChatGPT</div><div class="notion-bookmark-description">當然可以。NAS，全名是網絡附加儲存（Network Attached Storage），是一種連接到網絡的儲存系統。它通常由一個或多個硬碟組成，並允許網絡上的多個使用者或設備同時訪問並共享儲存的數據。</div><div class="notion-bookmark-link"><div class="notion-bookmark-link-icon"><img src="https://chat.openai.com/apple-touch-icon.png" alt="ChatGPT" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div><div class="notion-bookmark-link-text">https://chat.openai.com/share/2583a12a-8d30-4aea-ba0c-71ecf1e41e05</div></div></div><div class="notion-bookmark-image"><img style="object-fit:cover" src="https://chat.openai.com/images/chatgpt-share-og.png" alt="ChatGPT" loading="lazy" decoding="async"/></div></a></div><h2 class="notion-h notion-h1 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-cfab6f0849284c819569eca4d38f16f4" data-id="cfab6f0849284c819569eca4d38f16f4"><span><div id="cfab6f0849284c819569eca4d38f16f4" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#cfab6f0849284c819569eca4d38f16f4" title="協定"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">協定</span></span></h2><div class="notion-text notion-block-23d4aebc873e4aae8d6657db66959edd">NAS主要使用以下兩種協議：</div><ol start="1" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-9fe98b8a5b20464087fba64cc9e448a2"><li><b>NFS（Network File System）</b>：這是一種在UNIX和Linux系統中使用的協議，它允許一個系統在網絡上共享目錄和文件。</li></ol><ol start="2" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-d277fe39b5e14a7fb0738b90eefbc241"><li><b>SMB/CIFS（Server Message Block/Common Internet File System）</b>：這是一種在Windows系統中使用的協議，允許網絡中的設備共享文件和其他資源，如打印機。</li></ol><h2 class="notion-h notion-h1 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-8587d32957b4441aa216c29ba01ae504" data-id="8587d32957b4441aa216c29ba01ae504"><span><div id="8587d32957b4441aa216c29ba01ae504" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#8587d32957b4441aa216c29ba01ae504" title="目前主流方案"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">目前主流方案</span></span></h2><ol start="1" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-b8a596b18ff942e4864aef258c7792ec"><li><b>內建 NAS 功能</b></li><ol class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-b8a596b18ff942e4864aef258c7792ec"><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-d392d6cabfe34b788a8d5eb10337a382"><li>Windows 內建的資料夾共享功能 (使用 SMB 協議)</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-d4869587744f447bb749d9cac530ebbc"><li>MacOS 內建的資料夾共享功能 (使用 AFP 或 SMB 協議)</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-2e484ac7f470476bb9257d55d3373700"><li>Linux 的 NFS 或 Samba 資料夾共享</li></ul></ol></ol><ol start="2" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-71d0ee0a044f4586b567601f1e01948d"><li><b>自建 NAS 軟體解決方案</b>（在一般作業系統如 Linux、Windows 等上運行的軟體）</li><ol class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-71d0ee0a044f4586b567601f1e01948d"><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-9bafeb63c9284f8d988bf21964e1be7c"><li>Nextcloud</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-594e9e01567443cfaaf64f45eff164c8"><li>ownCloud</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-b59483b84a00465f9b02a3c7af374193"><li>Seafile</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-7ab433032df14165818e3f5a5ffcee0f"><li>Pydio</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-56f667007b5044899dd3eb3b2840bc69"><li>Tonido</li></ul></ol></ol><ol start="3" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-2b43df270bad4bae8aa1fb1a8ad5ef2d"><li><b>專用 NAS 作業系統</b>（整個作業系統就是為建立 NAS 而設計）</li><ol class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-2b43df270bad4bae8aa1fb1a8ad5ef2d"><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-2f40c617985749d19f27e7ba0be64739"><li>FreeNAS (現已更名為 TrueNAS Core)</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-42c87880efee44dcad045b9bd5db4a1e"><li>OpenMediaVault</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-e61ec95af99f4dd084bf7cd7a8a52fc3"><li>Unraid</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-267d762d1cb24dd38db9d0cc3ce36c31"><li>XigmaNAS</li></ul></ol></ol><ol start="4" class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-9e6976c889ae461ea6f196a6d9badfa7"><li><b>專用 NAS 硬體+軟體解決方案</b>（購買具備專用 NAS 軟體的專門硬體）</li><ol class="notion-list notion-list-numbered notion-block-9e6976c889ae461ea6f196a6d9badfa7"><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-4d4c5bdefef94ed3ad795ae3584f008f"><li>Synology NAS (硬體) + DiskStation Manager (軟體)</li></ul><ul class="notion-list notion-list-disc notion-block-e67bc86b93954852a91dd910cb9780e9"><li>QNAP NAS (硬體) + QTS (軟體)</li></ul></ol></ol><div class="notion-blank notion-block-90014726be5047d4b0fd168594b2de58"> </div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-8bb6ba1b8583491e95aa202d8da18e50" data-id="8bb6ba1b8583491e95aa202d8da18e50"><span><div id="8bb6ba1b8583491e95aa202d8da18e50" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#8bb6ba1b8583491e95aa202d8da18e50" title="目前試過的方案"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">目前試過的方案</span></span></h3><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-2 notion-block-521df446fc3748d2b628b85756955b96" data-id="521df446fc3748d2b628b85756955b96"><span><div id="521df446fc3748d2b628b85756955b96" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#521df446fc3748d2b628b85756955b96" title="使用Sanba"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">使用Sanba</span></span></h4><div class="notion-row"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="notion-bookmark notion-block-d4fd3d3551844f70924a0defdbcecedb" href="https://ithelp.ithome.com.tw/articles/10231827"><div><div class="notion-bookmark-title">ithelp.ithome.com.tw</div><div class="notion-bookmark-link"><div class="notion-bookmark-link-text">https://ithelp.ithome.com.tw/articles/10231827</div></div></div></a></div><div class="notion-text notion-block-db62bb531b9643ecb8f96a925bd03058">一開始作為小白，想試試好像使用terminal建立了一個共享資料夾最快的方法</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-7b390ff2ebd448d1bc9d0aa9c8ad61c4">然後過了一陣子就會發現其實跟windows的共享資料夾一樣，都適用Sanba，突然覺得很遜</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-99ff5e47236d4c27ab5bf58f3a32590a">然後客製化、管理等等的也非常陽春，資安更是不用說</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-81a76a7fdccc4bf0acaf9bfefa32e000">推薦給只是想要試試看共享資料夾的你</div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-488a0e03cf8d4c7b8143a745d7862fbc"> </div><h4 class="notion-h notion-h3 notion-h-indent-2 notion-block-b9be98f4066d472ca247706a717cf014" data-id="b9be98f4066d472ca247706a717cf014"><span><div id="b9be98f4066d472ca247706a717cf014" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#b9be98f4066d472ca247706a717cf014" title="使用Windows共享資料夾"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">使用Windows共享資料夾</span></span></h4><div class="notion-text notion-block-94ed6e9a33164392a6a1b4c789ec3897">主要是設定一大堆，要在windows設定裡面跑來跑去，關鍵字可以找找看網路芳鄰</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-d4c4c190de5641c6b67f5f21c5b5332f">除非是兩台windows電腦互聯，否則上面的樹莓派sanba server還比較好設定</div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-e3c4190714b34bb588649de37ff0225b"> </div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-9e403d05da5242569704e22df3344c4e" data-id="9e403d05da5242569704e22df3344c4e"><span><div id="9e403d05da5242569704e22df3344c4e" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#9e403d05da5242569704e22df3344c4e" title="使用Docker + next-cloud"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">使用Docker + next-cloud</span></span></h3><div class="notion-text notion-block-a70db210322d471f9961437820464333">或許哪天會推出文章，基本上很酷，很像是建立了自己的雲端硬碟，也可以暫時使用本機資料夾儲存</div><div class="notion-text notion-block-213fe0c8065e49abb5b462e470baedef">但假如都用到雲端硬碟了，那就會開始想到NAS的一些問題</div><div class="notion-blank notion-block-5a15ae3885fd4a3caf15c9e42a526211"> </div><h2 class="notion-h notion-h1 notion-h-indent-0 notion-block-78c40c5c03474ac6accce43f9e5dbd8d" data-id="78c40c5c03474ac6accce43f9e5dbd8d"><span><div id="78c40c5c03474ac6accce43f9e5dbd8d" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#78c40c5c03474ac6accce43f9e5dbd8d" title="使用NAS會去思考的問題"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">使用NAS會去思考的問題</span></span></h2><div class="notion-text notion-block-4ba6ed451f804241ac87386bd7f3aecf">主要是要顯示在toc上面才使用大標題，不要誤會</div><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-ecbf2bbef5f94fae9998715f798603b3" data-id="ecbf2bbef5f94fae9998715f798603b3"><span><div id="ecbf2bbef5f94fae9998715f798603b3" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#ecbf2bbef5f94fae9998715f798603b3" title="成本"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">成本</span></span></h3><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-2ce47e794b7b4c24b833f420cf96562c" data-id="2ce47e794b7b4c24b833f420cf96562c"><span><div id="2ce47e794b7b4c24b833f420cf96562c" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#2ce47e794b7b4c24b833f420cf96562c" title="停電"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">停電</span></span></h3><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-e54152dbc941452b8c3caefc137c30c4" data-id="e54152dbc941452b8c3caefc137c30c4"><span><div id="e54152dbc941452b8c3caefc137c30c4" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#e54152dbc941452b8c3caefc137c30c4" title="備份"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">備份</span></span></h3><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-a314b2783c124186a5dea2420a397ec7" data-id="a314b2783c124186a5dea2420a397ec7"><span><div id="a314b2783c124186a5dea2420a397ec7" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#a314b2783c124186a5dea2420a397ec7" title="儲存空間"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">儲存空間</span></span></h3><h3 class="notion-h notion-h2 notion-h-indent-1 notion-block-7c1926ba258945b4a7628d2132d29189" data-id="7c1926ba258945b4a7628d2132d29189"><span><div id="7c1926ba258945b4a7628d2132d29189" class="notion-header-anchor"></div><a class="notion-hash-link" href="#7c1926ba258945b4a7628d2132d29189" title="資安"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.775 3.275a.75.75 0 001.06 1.06l1.25-1.25a2 2 0 112.83 2.83l-2.5 2.5a2 2 0 01-2.83 0 .75.75 0 00-1.06 1.06 3.5 3.5 0 004.95 0l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95-4.95l-1.25 1.25zm-4.69 9.64a2 2 0 010-2.83l2.5-2.5a2 2 0 012.83 0 .75.75 0 001.06-1.06 3.5 3.5 0 00-4.95 0l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5 0 004.95 4.95l1.25-1.25a.75.75 0 00-1.06-1.06l-1.25 1.25a2 2 0 01-2.83 0z"></path></svg></a><span class="notion-h-title">資安</span></span></h3><div class="notion-blank notion-block-9a6846d17a9a4ffc97005564976162ed"> </div></main></div>]]></content:encoded>
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